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نواب بھوپال حاجی حمید اﷲ خاں

نواب بھوپال حاجی حمید اﷲ خاں
افسوس ہے کہ پچھلے دنوں حاجی حمید اﷲ خاں کاجوعام طورپر نواب بھوپال کے نام سے مشہورتھے انتقال ہوگیا۔مرحوم اپنی سمجھ بوجھ ،علمیت ولیاقت اورتدبر و دوراندیشی کی وجہ سے تقسیم ہند سے پہلے کے والیان ریاست میں ایک ممتاز مقام و مرتبہ رکھتے تھے اوراسی وجہ سے حکومت میں ان کا بڑاوقار تھا اورپبلک میں بھی بڑے ہردلعزیز تھے۔مرحوم کی والدہ ماجدہ خودایک مثالی خاتون تھیں۔انھوں نے بیٹے کی تربیت ایسے انداز سے کی تھی کہ وہ دوسرے والیان ریاست کے لیے نمونہ کا کام دے۔چنانچہ عام والیان ریاست کی اولاد کے برخلاف مرحوم نے مدرسۃ العلوم علی گڑھ میں تعلیم پائی اوریہاں جب تک رہے عام طالب علموں کی طرح سب سے گھل مل کررہے۔ایک خاص خاندانی ماحول میں نشوونما پانے کے علاوہ علی گڑھ کی فضا میں ان کی جو ذہنی و دماغی تربیت ہوئی اسی کا اثر یہ تھا کہ وہ قومی اور ملکی معاملات کے علاوہ مسلمانوں کے تعلیمی اوردینی معاملات میں بھی بڑی دلچسپی لیتے تھے اوران کاموں کی عملاً مددکرتے تھے۔چنانچہ دارالعلوم دیوبند،مسلم یونیورسٹی علی گڑھ،ندوۃ العلماء لکھنؤ،جامعہ ملیہ اسلامیہ دلّی، یہ سب ادارے مرحوم کے فیض کرم وتوجہ کے ممنون تھے۔مسلم یونیورسٹی کے چانسلر اوروالیان ریاست کی انجمن کے صدر بھی رہ چکے تھے۔مرحوم کے ذاتی اوصاف وکمالات اورپھراُن کی خاندانی روایات کی وجہ سے’’بھوپال‘‘ارباب علم وادب،مسلمان علماء وفضلاء، شعراء اوراصحاب فن کی امیدوں اور تمناؤں کاجولانگاہ بن گیاتھا۔ریاست بھوپال توپہلے ہی ختم ہوگئی تھی۔تاہم اُن کی ذات سے بھوپال کی قدیم روایات کی بھولی بسری یاد،ذہن میں کبھی کبھی اجاگر ہوجاتی تھی۔اب یہ سہارا بھی گیا۔سدا رہے نام اﷲ کا! خاتمہ بھی بڑااچھا ہوا۔ نماز پڑھتے پڑھتے جان جانِ آفریں کے سپرد کردی۔ اللھم اغفرلہ وارحمہ رحماً کبیراً۔ [مارچ۱۹۶۰ء]

 

غزوات میں رسولِ مجاہدﷺ کی جغرافیائی حکمت عملی

Allah selected Muhammad ﷺ trained by wahi provided it with all the knowledge required for any creation. Either it is any kind of Science, engineering, medical, war strategy, defense plan or any known/Unknown direction of human guidance. At last one must have to say that any precise or authentic yield of the research/effort just turn the page of Hadith or a verse of Quran no more than this. The war strategy of Muhammad ﷺ is wondering throughout the world even in such an advance time, mostly is depends upon. Initially Muhammadا started journey with the preaching of Islam, people were expecting it is too poor. How will be fruitful. It is help of Allah, constant efforts & strategy that prove whole story. This world became more stay able and more secure, was never before in the history of the mankind. Now in this age deviation from the way of Muhammadا will bring the world closer to an irreversible explosion, all the Muslim/Non-Muslim collectively believe in.

Design of Pilot Plant Based on New Blasting Explosives Developed from Decanted Trinitrotoluene Tnt

This work presented in the thesis pertains to the design of a pilot plant based on new blasting explosives developed from decanted Trinitrotoluene (TNT). Disposal of life-expired and unwanted munitions is a great challenge across the globe. In the past, these unserviceable explosives were disposed of through conventional disposal techniques such as Open Burning/ Open Detonation (OB/OD), sea dumping, underground demolition, incineration and biological degradation. Production of poisonous and toxic gases such as NOx, COx, etc. during these disposal techniques have always been a great concern for Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Besides, labour cost for the preparation of disposal pits, fuel requirement for shifting of explosives to munition disposal sites and use of large quantities of serviceable explosives during disposal of these unwanted munitions makes these techniques most uneconomical, unsafe and unfriendly for the environment. In order to curtail all these practices, decanting of explosives through decanting plant were carried out for different munitions. All decanted explosives, particularly decanted TNT, were disposed of further through open air burning. In the present research work, efforts have been made to reutilize the decanted TNT. For this purpose, various ingredients such as oxidizers, stabilizers and additional fuels have been added to the decanted TNT to convert it into viable blasting explosive compositions. Laboratory scale experiments using decanted TNT and other ingredients such as calcium ammonium nitrate (CaAN), commercial grade wax and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) have been carried out to make different blasting compositions. All the newly formulated compositions were characterized through different analytical techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetry/ Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) to study their morphological and thermal cum kinetic properties. Simultaneously, Horowitz and Metzger method is used for calculation of activation energy (Ea) and enthalpy of different samples. Once all compositions were certified for their future use, velocities of detonation (VOD) measurements were conducted. Besides, stability tests, the density of all these compositions were also measured. In order to translate the laboratory scale compositions into useable blasting explosives, a pilot scale plant has been designed using PTC-Creo Parametric 3D modeling software. Similarly, simulation of the design was carried out through Aspen Plus® V8.4 simulation software. Based on the successful simulation and design results, a state-of-the-art, safe, feasible and environment friendly semi-automatic pilot scale plant has been fabricated and installed for the conversion of decanted explosive into blasting explosives for civil and military applications. Main components of the plant include double jacketed mixing drums, brass-made mashing roller, 5 Horse Power (HP) motor, vertical gear box and fume discharging unit having explosives production capacity of about 10kg/ hour per batch. All the safety parameters required during manufacture, filling and formulation of explosives have been ensured to avoid any untoward situation. Functional test of this plant was performed using dummy explosive materials having almost similar compositions. Subsequently, blasting explosive samples were produced utilizing decanted TNT and other suitable ingredients. To ascertain their performance, VOD tests of all newly formulated blasting explosives have been performed. It is worth mentioning that the resultant VOD of all the samples fall between 2600-4400 m/s which makes it the most suitable product for use in blasting applications such as mining, quarrying, underwater blasting, etc. In a nutshell, the present research work not only provides an opportunity for riskfree reutilization of decanted TNT where new products are easily manufactured, cheap in cost and safe in handling; but EPA concerns regarding emissions of toxic gases into the atmosphere are also amicably addressed through reutilization of unwanted TNT that will ultimately enhance Carbon Credit Ratings of Pakistan around the globe.
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