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۱۴۔ آوارگانِ خاک

آوارگانِ خاک

کائنات خاموشی کی ردا اوڑھے محوِ عبودیت تھی

نورِ ابد نے خلقتِ نور کو جمع کیا،اور فرمایا

’’میں چاکِ زماں پر ایک سفال زاد بھیجنے لگا ہوں

جسے زمامِ اختیار دوں گا‘‘

ایوانِ فلک میں موجود نوری مخلوق نے سرِ تسلیم اٹھایااور گویا ہوئی

یعنی وہ جو فسادو خوں ریزی کریں گے

’’جو میں جانتا ہوں وہ تم نہیں جانتے‘‘

نورِ ازل کا لمس پا کر مہرۂ خاک میں روح در آئی

اسمائے با برکت پکارے گئے

جامعات كے طلبہ کے عقائد و نظریات کی اصلاح کیلئے مکی دور کے اسلوب دعوت کو اپنانے کی ضرورت و اہمیت: منہج اور متوقع نتائج

There is gape in students of Islamic Institutes and Institutes of higher education in the world. The students of Islamic Universities well aware about Islam and its teachings. They have strong beliefs in it. While the students of higher educational institutes other than Islamic have no idea and have no enough knowledge about Islam and its beliefs. There is dire need for reconciliation in this regard. This research paper tries to explore Importance and need to adopt the way of Da’wa of the Holy Prophet in Makki era in order to improve the beliefs of University students. Way and expectative results.

Hadoop-Based Algorithm for Inference of Phylogenetic Trees Using Maximum Likelihood Method

Biological sequences consist of A C G and T in a DNA structure and contain vital information of living organisms. This information is used in many applications such as drug design, microarray analysis and phylogenetic trees. Advances in computing technologies, specifically Next Generation Sequencing technologies have increased genomic data at a rapid rate. The increase in genomic data presents significant research challenges in bioinformatics, such as sequence alignment, short read error correction, phylogenetic inference etc. Various tools and algorithms have been proposed for phylogenetic inference. Early algorithms used sequential programs to solve the problem of phylogenetic inference. Improvements were gained in terms of tree accuracy and execution time, however; the programs were still slow, and improvements were needed to infer correct phylogeny in short times. This challenge introduced parallel and distributed processing to the field of bioinformatics. Many tools and programs have been developed based on parallel and distributed computing. This thesis presents algorithmic solutions for phylogenetic inference. Solutions include ‘PhyloDoop’ and ‘SeqCompress’ algorithms. PhyloDoop algorithm is used for inference of phylogenetic trees. The algorithm is based on Maximum Likelihood method, implemented on Hadoop Map/Reduce framework. PhyloDoop is based on clusters i.e. divides the input alignment to clusters, builds trees for each cluster, merges and optimizes all sub-trees and the final tree is also optimized. PhyloDoop is compared to well-known algorithms both on real and simulated datasets. Experiments on real datasets were performed to test likelihood values, execution time, and speedup in distributed environment. The results show better accuracy as compared to other algorithms on most of the datasets. Execution time is also short on most datasets. The proposed algorithm yields better speed up on large datasets. Simulated datasets were used to measure topological accuracy. PhyloDoop is topologically accurate on most datasets with short execution time in comparison to other algorithms. SeqCompress is used to compress DNA sequences in order to reduce memory requirements and execution time. Impressive results are shown in comparison to other algorithms. These results show a gap for efficient usage of compression techniques to infer correct phylogeny with low memory requirements as well as execution time.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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