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خوبیوں کے اظہار کا مرقع۔۔۔منان لطیف

خوبیوں کے اظہار کا مرقع۔۔۔ منان لطیفؔ

                انسان جس امر کی کوشش کرتا ہے ،اس میں مسلسل محنت کے ساتھ جستجو اور خوب سے خوب تر کی لگن کی بدولت کامیا بی حاصل کر لیتا ہے ۔ہمارے تعلیمی نظام کی یہ خامی رہی ہے کہ طلبہ کسی بھی مضمون میں حادثاتی طور داخلہ لیتے ہیں اور پھر محنت سے جی چراتے ہیں ۔تعلیمی اداروں میں ایسا نظام بھی رائج نہیں کہ طلبہ اپنے مضمون میںعملی مہارت اور دسترس رکھتے ہوں ۔اس لیے بہت کم طالب علم اپنے مضمون سے انصاف کر پاتے ہیں ۔منان لطیفؔ کا شمار ایسے طلبہ میں ہوتا ہے جو ذوق و شوق ،محنت و لگن اور تلاش و جستجو کو اپنا شعار بنا کر اپنے مضمون میں دسترس حاصل کرنے میں منہمک رہتے ہیں ۔ان کا جوش و جذبہ اوائل میں ہی جھلکنے لگتا ہے اور محنت رنگ لانے لگتی ہے ۔چنانچہ ان کے ذوق و شوق کی پہلی جھلک ’’گرد شِ خاک‘‘کی صورت میں دیکھی جا سکتی ہے ۔جو اس کے بعض گُن اور خوبیوں کے اظہار کا مرقع ہے ۔منان لطیفؔ کو شاعری سے شغف ہے اور نثر پر مہارت ہے ۔چونکہ شاعری کے لیے طبع مناسب کے ساتھ ساتھ بعض تکنیکی امور بھی شامل حال ہوتے ہیں ،اس لیے ابتدائی طور پر نثری اظہاریے یا نثری نظم کی طرف توجہ کومعیوب خیال  نہیں  کر نا چاہیے ۔ اصل مقصد اظہارِ ذات ہے جو انسان کوکئی نفسیاتی اور معاشرتی عوارض سے محفوظ رکھتا ہے ۔اگر اس کی نظموں کا مطالعہ کیا جائے تو بعض مواقع سے قطع نظر اس کا جوہر کھلتا دکھائی دے گا ۔لفاظی ،لفظ تراشی ،لفظی بازی گری اور تراکیب سے واضح ہو گا کہ زمینِ ادب سے نکلنے کو بے تاب یہ ننھا پودا چھتناور درخت بننے کی بھرپور اہلیت رکھتا ہے...

رویہ صارف (Consumer Behavior) اور اسلامی اخلاقیات

Consumer Behavior means behavior of consumers about buying goods and services in the market. Consumer behavior entails all activities associated with the purchase, use and disposal of goods and services, including the consumer emotional, mental and behavioral responses that precede or follow these activities. The following article discusses consumer behavior in the light of Islamic ethics, and explains different aspects of consumer behavior according to Islamic moral values and also given suggestions to consumers and marketers to adopt Islamic buying and selling behavior, which is beneficial not only for individual but also to human as a whole. The consumer behavior in the modern capitalist economy plays very important role, not only in consumption but also in the production and services.

Role of Technology in the Enhancement of English Language Speaking Skills of High School Students of Gojal, Gilgit Baltistan

English language, the ‘lingua franca’ of the globalized world necessitates (Jenkins, 2009) even countries where it is not spoken as the first language to institute it as a second language (Caine 2008). Pakistan is also amongst one of the countries where English language is given much importance and is being taught as a compulsory subject from Early Childhood Development (ECD) to graduation level. Literature (Ahmed, 2011; Noreen, Ahmed & Esmail, 2015) says that in Pakistani English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms, reading and writing are the two main skills that are focused on more, while the two other language sub-skills: speaking and listening are ignored. Experiential data, specifically relating to the rural and far-flung areas of Pakistan, like Gojal, traditional method teaching and learning practices are also prevalent there: due to which the learners of (English language) EL lack in speaking skills. As a result of the growing numbers of ESL learners, there is an ongoing search for new, effective and efficient instructional methods for the improvement of the teaching and learning processes in English language. In the 21st century, technology has gained substantial attention due it offering an abundance of devices and tools that make authentic language input accessible to EL learners (Frenik, 2013). Technology and its usefulness in developing language sub-skills is being explored as an option in formal and informal settings in many parts of the developing world where access to authentic language input is limited due to the areas in question being relatively remote (Hsu, 2013). However, there seems to be a dearth of descriptive data on the role technology plays or is seen as playing for EL learning in the remote areas of Pakistan. Accordingly, a sequential mixed methods design was employed to explore the role of technology in the enhancement of high school students’ English language speaking skills. The data was collected in two phases. In the first phase, semi-structured-interviews were used to collect data from English language teachers. Two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were also conducted to obtain data from the students. In the second phase, a mixture of open-ended, 4 and 5 point rating scale questionnaire was developed based on the emerging themes of the first phase and was administered to 116 high school ESL learners. The study findings revealed that technology is perceived as a tool that supports students in the enhancement of their speaking skills. Technologies such as television,
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
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