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مولانا محمد شفیع [دیوبند]

مولانا محمد شفیع
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں مدرسۂ عبدالرب دہلی کے بہت دیرینہ صدر المدرسین جناب مولانا محمد شفیع صاحب کی ڈیڑھ سال کی مسلسل علالت کے بعد اپنے وطن دیوبند میں وفات ہوگئی۔ مولانا نے عمر کافی پائی۔ ۱۲۹۲ھ میں پیداہوئے تھے اور۱۶/جمادی الاول۱۳۸۰ھ میں انتقال ہوا۔ لیکن آخر تک درس و تدریس اور مدرسہ کے اہتمام و انتظام کاکام حاضرحواسی اورپابندی سے کرتے رہے۔ دارالعلوم دیوبند سے۱۳۱۶ھ میں فراغت کے بعد چند سال ادھر اُدھر رہے۔ پھر اپنے وقت کے مشہور محدث مولانا عبدالعلی صاحب جواُن کے استاد بھی تھے اُن کی دعوت پرمدرسۂ عبدالرب دہلی سے وابستہ ہوئے توساری عمر یہیں بتا دی، چنانچہ ساٹھ برس اس مدرسہ کی خدمت کرتے رہے۔حضرت شیخ الہندؒ کے داماد تھے۔حضرت مرحوم کی منجھلی صاحبزادی جو اخلاق وشمائل میں مشابہ ہونے کے باعث پدربزرگوار کی نسبتہً زیادہ چہیتی بیٹی تھیں، مولانا سے منسوب تھیں اور اسی وجہ سے حضرت شیخ الہند کو بھی مرحوم کے ساتھ زیادہ لگاؤ تھا، غالباً اسی شفقت اور تربیت روحانی کا اثر تھا کہ عادات واطوار کے لحاظ سے اُن میں بعض ایسی خوبیاں پائی جاتی تھیں جوآج کل نایاب نہیں توکمیاب ضرور ہیں، درویشی اور قناعت پسندی کایہ عالم تھاکہ کھدر کے موٹے جھوٹے کپڑوں کے علاوہ تیسرا جوڑا کبھی بھی نہیں رکھا۔اپنے کمرہ میں بجلی کی روشنی کبھی گوارا نہیں کی،ہمیشہ کڑوے تیل کا دیا جلائے رہے۔ کھانا بہت سادہ کھاتے تھے۔ شہرت سے اس درجہ نفرت تھی کہ وفات سے پہلے اپنے خلف الرشیدمولانا محمد رفیع کو بطور وصیت تاکید کی کہ ان کے انتقال کی خبر بھی کسی اخبار میں نہ چھپے۔علم دین کے پاسِ وضع کا اس درجہ خیال تھا کہ پہلے پہل میرا تقرر سنیٹ اسٹیفنس کالج میں ہوا جومشن کالج ہے توانھیں صدمہ ہوااوربرادرمحترم مفتی عتیق الرحمن صاحب سے جو مرحوم کے بھانجے ہیں اس کی...

Contestations and Transformations: the Shared Religious Space of Jhule Lal in Sindh, Pakistan

Syncretic and shared religious spaces have long been perceived as reflections of tolerance. This does not imply that tolerance is completely liberated from multiple clashing components and the coexistence of interfaith practices do not suggest that hostility is entirely missing. In recent times, a transformation is taking place at the shared space of the Jhule Lal by the dominant religious group. However, there remains an appearance of tolerance at the shared space of the Jhule Lal among believers of both Islam and Hinduism, which blinds the observer of the deep internal contestation and process of transformation between both Sindhi Hindus and Sindhi Muslims who revere the same saint of the Jhule Lal. A syncretic space does not simply absorb different religious groups, and by studying the practices, rituals and interactions of the custodians, visitors and devotees at the shrine, this paper aims to unearth the processes through which shrine is contested in multiple identities, discourse (written, textual, verbal) authority, and belief systems.

Role and Impact of Human Resources on Tourism Industry: A Case Study of Pakistan

The vibrant tourism industry can be used as a catalyst to achieve socio-economic development of particularly the under-privileged and poor masses in the developing countries. This holds very pertinent and factual in case of Pakistan. One of the key factors affecting the performance and growth of tourism industry is said its human resources. This dissertation evaluates and analyses the tourism industry of Pakistan with main focus on understanding the role and attitudes of the key stakeholders of tourism industry (Student, faculty, Corporation and Government) on the development of tourism human resources. The review of literature suggests that the issue of HR can be better investigated and understood from the perspective key tourism stakeholder through the lens of stakeholder theory approach. A comprehensive analytical and conceptual framework is developed in this study to elucidate how the perceptions and attitudes of key stakeholders affect the development of HR in tourism industry of Pakistan. In methodology a semi structured survey questionnaire was administered to get the data from the tourist students, tourist faculty and tourist corporations. 258 Students, 31 faculty and 18 corporation managers participated and completely filled up the survey questionnaire. In total (307) comprised the sample of this study. The data was empirically analyzed through the applications of descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Granger Causal Test, and independent T test using SPSS software 20. This study found that the availability of trained, skilled and educated human resources is a key driver to the performance of Pakistan tourism industry. With regard to stakeholder approach, the positiveness, competence and resource fullness of students and faculty working at tourist educational institutions are the chief stakeholders in ultimate development of human resources in Pakistan tourism Market (PTM). It is evidenced that tourist students perceptions to join tourism sector worsens as they practically exposed to tourist organizations. This dilution of positive perception is attributed to the poor or lack of effective HR policies from tourist corporations and government. Therefore, it is suggested that tourist corporations and government training and development programs aimed at developing and nurturing human resources and making working environment conducive at tourism organizations. Further, the relationship between tourism and economic growth of Pakistan is found to be bidirectional. Therefore, it is of utmost important that the government should assign special focus on development of tourism sector in order to increase the base of its economic growth and subsequently raise the socio-economic standard of the masses at local, regional and national levels.
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