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تعلیمی اداروں میں کھیلوں کی اہمیت

تعلیمی اداروں میں کھیلوں کی اہمیت
تعلیمی اداروں کا وجود ایک صحت مند معاشرے کے قیام اور اس کو استحکام بخشنے کے لیے انتہائی ضروری ہے۔ ترقی یافتہ اقوام کی ترقی اور عروج تعلیمی اداروں کا مرہونِ منت ہے۔ جن ممالک کے تعلیمی ادارے فعّال کردارادا کررہے ہوتے ہیں اُن کی افرادی قوت مضبوط ہوتی ہے۔ اُن کے افرادسطحی سوچ کے حامل نہیں ہوتے، اُن کے فکری، نظری، روحانی، جسمانی قویٰ کبھی کسی ضعف اور نقاہت کا شکار نہیں ہوتے، جس طرح تعلیمی اداروں کا وجود اہم ہے اسی طرح اس میں وقوع پذیر ہونے والی جملہ سرگرمیاں بھی اہم ہیں اور بالخصوص کھیلوں کی اہمیّت تو تعلیمی اداروں میں اور بھی زیادہ ہے۔ کیونکہ صحت مند جسم اور صحت مند دماغ کے لیے یہ بڑا واضح کر دار ادا کرتی ہیں۔
تاریخ اقوام عالم پر نظر دوڑائیں تو کاروبار اور محنت و مشقت کے ساتھ ساتھ ایسے لمحات بھی نظر آتے ہیں جن میں تفریح اور کھیل کود کے سوا کچھ نہیں ہوتا، اپنے متعین کردہ اوقات میں وہ صرف اور صرف کھیل کود اورتفریحی پروگراموں سے لطف اندوز ہوتے ہیں۔ کھیل کود کا تصور جس طرح دیگر مذاہب میں موجود ہے اسی طرح وُہ اسلام میں بھی موجود ہے، محسنِ کائنات حضرت محمد صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہٖ وسلم نے بھی تیرا کی اور دوڑ کے مقابلوں میں حصہ لیا۔ کھیل اور تفر یحی پروگرام کردار پر بڑا اچھا اثر ڈالتے ہیں۔ یہی وجہ ہے کہ دیگر ممالک کی طرح پاکستان کے نظام تعلیم میں کھیل کا تصور کلیتاً موجود ہے۔ اوقاتِ تعلیم و تدریس میں با قاعدہ ڈرل کے نام سے کھیل کا ایک پیریڈ مقرر کر دیا جا تا ہے۔ جس میں طلباء کو فزیکل انسٹرکٹر مقررہ مشقیں کرواتا ہے۔ طلباء ذہنی آسودگی محسوس کرتے ہیں اور دن بھر کی رطب و یابس...

Utilization of Fad Distribution in South Buton Waters As a Fishing App by Purse Sein Fishermen in Kadatua District, Selatan Buton Regency

Fish Aggregating Devices (FAD's) have long been used by fishermen in South Buton Regency. This study aims to determine the utilization of FAD distribution as a fishing aid by purse sein vessels in the waters of Kadatua District, South Buton Regency. This study aims to determine the utilization of FAD distribution as a fishing tool by purse sein vessels in Kadatua District, South Buton Regency. Data collection methods include FAD point data taken from GPS (Global Position System) fishermen and dominant catch data from purse sein fishermen. The results of the study obtained data on the distribution of FADs in Kadatua District spread between a distance of 0-12 miles, during the study the coordinates of FADs were obtained as many as 79 coordinate points owned by fishermen in Kadatua District. FADs used by purse sein fishermen to carry out fishing operations have 24 FAD points, which are spread over a distance of 0 – 12 miles. In April the distribution of FADs used as fishing aids by purse sein vessels was at a distance of ± 0 – 12 miles, while in May and June FADs used as fishing aids were at a distance of ± 2 – 12 miles. The dominant fish catch data for purse sein fishermen is 690 kg in April, 525 kg in May and 735 kg in June. The dominant catch during the study was dominated by scad fish (Decapterus spp). The level of effectiveness of the dominant catch of purse sein fishermen is highest at a distance of 4-12 miles with a total catch of 1,070 kg of the total catch of 1,950 kg.

Maintaining Multiple Identities: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of South Asian Immigrant Fiction

Maintaining Multiple Identities: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of South Asian Immigrant Fiction South Asian immigrants on being in a foreign land, including Britain and the USA, have to make many adjustments in their lifestyles to live a less frictional and more resourceful life. Yet they cannot completely delink themselves from their original culture in which they or their parents are brought up. This results in their developing complex and multiple identities which draw force partially from their origin as well as their host culture. Fiction writings, particularly by Diaspora writers, bring out these conflicts/issues more clearly than any other means as authors masquerade behind the veils of their respective protagonists whom they give their languages, origins, ethnicities, biographical similarities, particularly identity dilemmas and crises. This study aims to investigate how immigrants of various South Asian origins and generations develop, maintain and/or negotiate the multiple aspects of their identities when they live in an entirely different host culture. With this aim in mind, the lives of characters in selected works of South Asian Immigrant Fiction have been analyzed using Bakhtin's framework of Novelistic Discourse for detecting the identity issues confronted by the immigrants as it particularly focuses on the dialogical relationship between the author and his/her characters, their languages and worldviews in the novelistic discourse. The works chosen centre around the issues of maintenance and negotiation of identities of various characters in the South Asian Immigrant Fiction in English. The ideology and identity of the authors is traced through their language use and portrayal of characters. Bakhtin's framework is aided by Sociolinguistic tools as well as Literary Close Reading, Discourse Analysis and Social Anthropology. The study reveals that the necessity of developing multiple, contradictory and compromised identities are not without their windfalls and pitfalls though; it is helpful in immigrants' assimilation and naturalization in the host culture, yet at the cost of losing a great part of their original culture, language and heritage. Grown up in their native countries, the first generation parents are able to maintain multiple identities pretty successfully by posing a 'fake' identity. In contrast, the subsequent generations (in their developmental stages) have to face many peculiar dilemmas which often result in distancing/breaking off from their parents. The biggest challenge that poses the latter is striking a balance between individualism and family unity, personal freedom and family life, adjustment in the mainstream and expectations of home and, liberty and social conservatism.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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