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پروفیسرمحمد الیاس برنی

پروفیسر محمد الیاس برنی
افسوس ہے کہ گذشتہ مہینوں میں دنیائے علم و ادب کی دو نامور شخصیتیں پروفیسر محمد الیاس برنی اور خلیفہ عبدالحکیم ہم سے جدا ہوگئے، پروفیسر الیاس برنی علی گڑھ کالج کے نامور فرزند تھے، حصول تعلیم کے بعد کالج ہی میں معاشیات کے لکچرار ہوگئے تھے، پھر دارالترجمہ کے رکن کی حیثیت سے حیدرآباد چلے گئے اور کچھ دنوں تک اس کے ناظم بھی رہے، پھر جامعہ عثمانیہ میں معاشیات کے استاد مقرر ہوگئے، اور اسی عہدہ سے سبکدوش ہوئے، تعلیم و تدریس کے ساتھ تالیف و تصنیف کا سلسلہ بھی برابر جاری رہا، جامعہ عثمانیہ کے لیے معاشیات کی کئی کتابیں لکھیں، اس فن کو اردو میں سب سے پہلے ان ہی نے روشناس کیا تھا، ان کی پہلی تصنیف علم المعیشت ایک زمانہ میں بہت مشہور تھی۔ شعر و ادب کا مذاق بھی رکھتے تھے، معارف ملت، جذبات فطرت اور مناظر قدرت کے نام سے کئی حصوں میں اردو نظموں کا ایک نہایت عمدہ انتخاب مرتب کیا تھا جو بہت مقبول ہوا۔
مذہبی ذوق ابتداء سے تھا جو عمر کے ساتھ بڑھتا گیا اور آخر میں مذہب و تصوف کا بڑا غلبہ ہوگیا تھا اور ان کی ساری قلمی کوششیں اسی کے لیے وقف ہوگئی تھیں، انھوں نے مختلف مذہبی موضوعات پر مفید کتابیں لکھیں، ان کا سفرنامۂ حج، صراط الحمید خاص طور پر مقبول ہوا، قادیانی مذہب کے نام سے ایک ضخیم کتاب لکھی تھی جس میں مرزا غلام احمد قادیانی اور دوسرے قادیانی اکابر کی تحریروں سے اس مذہب کی حقیقت ظاہر کی گئی تھی، یہ کتاب اتنی مقبول ہوئی کہ اس کے کئی ایڈیشن شائع ہوئے اور ہر ایڈیشن پہلے ایڈیشن سے بڑھ کر تھا، ان کی چھوٹی بڑی تصانیف کی تعداد دو درجن سے زیادہ ہوگی، اﷲ تعالیٰ اس شیدائے علم و دین کو اپنی رحمت...

سنت كى آئينى حيثيت اور اقبال

The personality of Allama Iqbal is the integral part of the religious and national thinking of the Muslims of subcontinent,  and for Pakistanis along with a religious thinker he is also the person who gave the idea of Pakistan. Because of this legacy Iqbal is considered as the founder of a school of thought in Pakistan's academic atmosphere. The magnitude of this position and importance is evident from the fact that the people of different intellectual backgrounds and ideologies have been seeking evidence from Iqbal in support of their arguments. So even the proponents of socialist ideology or the holders of the thought of negating the legal status of Hadeeth have tried to prove Iqbal as a torch bearer of their stance and saw their struggle as a continuation of his (Iqbal’s) thinking. But it is a general rule that a person, especially the one who is a prominent figure and there are a lot of themes that are present in his thoughts, cannot be judged on the basis of only some of his works. So declaring Iqbal as the negator of legal status of the Hadeeth because of some of his writings is not a fair academic activity. This paper would study the actual view of Iqbal about the legal status of Sunnah as well the place of Prophethood in his thoughts and try to figure out whether his stand in this regard is in accordance with the traditional concept o1r it is different and if it is different then how much is it different?

The Microfinance Paradigm: Poverty Alleviation and Economic Empowerment A Case Study of Bahawalpur Division

The focus of this study is mainly on impact of microfinance on poverty alleviation and economic empowerment as well as on the effectiveness of economic, social and institutional factors in manipulating the role of microfinance. It also investigates the impact of different microfinance models and gender differential on poverty alleviation and economic empowerment in the prospective of microfinance. It is a primary data research conducted in the Bahawalpur division, Pakistan. The study employed the tool developed in collaboration by Assessing the Impact of Microenterprise Services (AIMS) and Small Enterprise Education and Promotion network (SEEP). The tool has been modified in the local context. Like all the AIMS studies, the present study also used the group of incoming clients as the comparison group in order to deal selection bias. The sample consists of 1524 respondents, out of which 773 are established clients (treatment group ) and 751 are incoming ones (control group), belonging to different microfinance providers of Pakistan that are NRSP, AKHU, FMFB, KASHF, KB, NRSP-B, TMFB. Data has been collected through face to face structured interviewing using a questionnaire. Independent Sample T-Test, Logit and Multiple regression have been used for analysis. The main findings of the study are that microfinance alleviates poverty as the net difference of 23 percent between both groups with respect to category ‘non-poor’ can be attributed to participation in microfinance programmes, however it does not reach the poorest of the poor, as microfinance providers mostly targeted the moderate poor. The results show that participation to microfinance programme has negative effect on poverty status of borrowers, and substantial positive effect on income, food security, housing, household assets, household saving and decision making empowerment of borrowers. However its effect on education of children, household health, productive assets and employment presents a mix picture. Because microfinance has been found to have a strong positive impact on some indictors of these variables while very minute positive impact or even no impact on some other indicators. Female mature clients have been found poorer than male ones. However they have been found more conscious about quality of housing, education of children and household health as compared to male clients. Only 14 percent of female clients take the decision themselves about use of microloan. It has been found that economic wellbeing and economic empowerment of borrowers after availing microfinance is positively affected by consumer protection, education of borrowers, experience, business training, number of employed persons, length of membership, relation to household head, area and family reaction to business activity but negatively by diversion of loan, interest rate, age of the borrowers and number of dependents. It also has been found that gender does not matter in determining the role of microfinance in alleviating poverty and enhancing economic empowerment; however microfinance modelling matters in this connection.
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