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مولانا شبیر احمد عثمانی

آہ ناموسِ شریعت و قاموسِ علم
[مولانا شبیر احمد عثمانی]
وا دریغا!آج قلم کو اس ذات گرامی کامرثیہ لکھنا ہے جس کاقلم عمر بھر قرآن و حدیث کے اسرار و حکم کے کشف وتحقیق میں گُہرافشانی کرتارہا۔آج زبان خامہ کو اُس کی ماتم سرائی کافرض انجام دیناہے جوزندگی بھر ملت بیضا کی جراحتوں کے لیے مرہم رسانی کی فکر میں لگارہا۔جس کی زبان قرآن کی ترجمان تھی اورجس کا نطق نوامیس شریعت کابیان۔حضرت الاستاذ مولانا شبیر احمد عثمانی ؒکاسانحۂ وفات اگرچہ ’’وطن سے دور‘‘ پیش آیا لیکن الحمد ﷲ کہ دیارغیر میں نہیں جہاں غالب کے بقول بے کسی کی شرم کے رہ جانے کی تمنا ہوتی۔بے شمار فرزندان توحید نے نماز جنازہ پڑھی اوریہ اس بات کا ثبوت ہے کہ جو بذات خودایک انجمن ہو وہ وطن سے دور رہ کر بھی تنہا نہیں ہوتا۔وہ جہاں بیٹھتا ہے اپنی دنیا آپ پیدا کر لیتا ہے۔
دیوبند اگرچہ ایک چھوٹا ساقصبہ ہے لیکن مقامی اعتبار سے یہاں کے تین خاندانوں نے اس کو ہندوستان کے آسمان شہرت پرآفتاب وماہتاب بنا کر چمکایا اور اسے مرزوبوم کی کلاہ افتخار کاکوہ نوربنادیا۔ایک مولانا نانوتوی کاخاندان جن کے فرزند ارجمند حضرت حافظ محمد احمد صاحب مرحوم تھے، دوسرامولانا ذوالفقار علی مرحوم کاخاندان جس کے گل سرسبد حضرت شیخ الہند تھے اور تیسرا خاندان مولانا فضل الرحمن صاحب عثمانی مرحوم کا تھاجن کے دوصاحبزادے عارف عصر و شیخ طریقت حضرت مولانا مفتی عزیز الرحمن صاحب ؒاورعربی کے بہترین ادیب اور فطری شاعرمولانا حبیب الرحمن صاحب عثمانی ؒعہد حاضر کے اکابر علماوفضلا تھے۔ حضرت الاستاذ مولانا شبیر احمد عثمانی اسی خاندان کے لعل شب چراغ اورمولانا فضل الرحمن صاحب کے فرزند ارجمند تھے۔
حضرت الاستاذ ماہ محرم۱۳۰۵ھ میں دیوبند میں پیداہوئے اس و قت آپ کے والد ماجد ضلع بجنور میں انسپکٹر مدارس کے عہدہ پرمامور تھے۔ تعلیم دارالعلوم دیوبند میں...

احکام القرآن میں اسلوب تفسیر اور امام جصاص پر نقد: تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Imam Abu bakar al-jassas is famous jurist of Hanafi school of thought. He wrote a great interpretation of Quran named Ahkam ul Quran. He has written more than fifteen books. In his interpretation of Quran, he doesn’t interpret all Qur’anic verses, as is done by other commentators. He just explains the verses, which have directly a connection with fiq'h ul Ahkam. Al-jassas usually expresses his teachers as al-sarkhasi and other Hanafi's preferred opinion, and always gives systematic reasons for his preference. In the beginning of this article the methodology and characteristics of this interpretation are described in detail. There are many features in Ahkam ul quran that we have expressed i.e. Ahkam ul Quran is based on conventional narration, authentic quotations from the Islamic scholars and lingual and grammatical discussion with a critical explanation of Qur’anic words from lexical to technical and connection on the basis of grammatical and syntax regulations and illustration of differences between synonyms. He had been blamed by some traditionalists that he interprets some verses in wrong perspective and he discussed many irrelevant points in this. This article is an analytical study about these allegations. The result of this study is that kind of attitude towards his book is quite wrong by nature because imam Al-jassas describes his opinion in the light of his school of thought. Although, he got an Aggressive Behavior towards some famous Personalities of Islam, which is Inappropriate. In the end of study, the paper concludes that nobody can deny the importance of his interpretation at all. 

Modified Optical Properties of Au Embedded Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Thin Films and Nanostructures

Wide bandgap semiconductors provide efficient absorption in UV and very low absorptions in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum. This limits their effectiveness in photocatalytic, photoactive and photosensitive devices. However, the optical properties of these semiconductors can be enhanced to provide increased absorptions in the visible range. The bandgap of the semiconductor can be modulated in several ways that include: doping, formation of heterostructures, quantum dots coupling, addition of metallic nanoparticles etc. In the present work, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) energy of Au is utilized in three different semiconductor morphologies to tune the optical characteristics. Studies with three different dielectric environments such as: Au embedded planar, non-planar and Au coated wide bandgap semiconductors were performed. Specific studies of metal sandwiched planar (TiO2/Au/TiO2), heterostructure (ZnO/Au/TiO2) and Au coated ZnS nanostructures using various optical techniques that included spectroscopic ellipsometry, UV/Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) were performed in this work. The UV/Vis absorptions of TiO2/Au/TiO2 revealed the presence of two broad bands in the visible range, that were absent in TiO2 thin film, for both as-grown and annealed samples. This was attributed due to improved interband and plasmon resonance oscillations of Au in a dielectric environment. Spectroscopic ellipsometry of the Au, TiO2 and composite TiO2/Au/TiO2 films indicated that they carried the cumulative effect of UV and visible absorptions due to SPR phenomenon. The presence of interband transition was confirmed by fitting the experiment with the theoretical models, Tauc Lorentz model and Drude Lorentz model for TiO2 and Au, respectively. Dielectric functions obtained from ellipsometry were combined for the sandwiched structure using effective medium approximation (EMA) methods. The modelling showed the presence of interband transitions which provide improved absorption at Au/TiO2 interface. The values of Urbach energy which corresponds to TiO2 band tails extended into the visible region was also estimated. The increase in Urbach energy was xi a direct consequence of coupling of plasmons with the defect induced TiO2 band tail widened into the visible range. The effect of metal nanoparticles was observed in ZnO/Au/TiO2 nanoheterostructures in UV/Vis absorption and PL spectroscopy. The Au content embedded in the ZnO/Au/TiO2 composite was varied from 2-10 nm. It was observed that maximum absorptions in the structure occurred when Au content was varied to 6 nm (corresponding to the diameter of 9.8 ± 3.5 nm and density 1.4 x 1011 cm-2).Photoluminescence spectroscopy also revealed the maximum pinning of the defect states in TiO2 interface at 6 nm due to maximum participation of hot electrons injected through the SPR phenomenon. This study also highlighted the importance of dielectric layer and thickness surrounding the NPs as it affected the spread of Au NPs SPs resonant field. The third study comprised of the temperature dependent photoluminescence of ZnS nanostructures doped with two different elements, Mn and Sn. The defect centres in ZnS nanostructures provide very high luminescence. The coupling of these luminescent centres with the Au NPs altered the luminescence dynamics by introducing new charge transfer paths. In the present study, the overlapping of the Mn-induced defects with the SPR peak of Au resulted in quenching of UV peak corresponding to donor-acceptor transitions. While the Mn-induced defect overlapping the Au plasmon field was still present. Likewise, the presence of Au not only affected the defect-based transitions due to different ionic species in Sn-doped ZnS nanostructures but also activated the resonant processes in Sn, which is a semi-metal itself.
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