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مولوی محمد مبین کیفیؔ چریا کوٹی

مولوی محمد مبین کیفیؔ چریاکوٹی
دوسرا حادثہ مولوی محمدمبین صاحب کیفی چریا کوٹی کی وفات کا ہے، وہ ہندوستان کے قدیم نامور عالم اور مولانا شبلی کے استاد مولانا فاروق صاحب چریا کوٹی کے لڑکے تھے اور اس دور کے مشہور شاعر اور اہل قلم تھے، انھوں نے عربی کی تعلیم اپنے والد سے پائی تھی مگر شعر و ادب کی جانب رجحان زیادہ تھا، اس لیے اسی حیثیت سے زیادہ مشہور ہوئے، ایک زمانہ میں انھوں نے العلم کے نام سے ایک رسالہ بھی نکالا تھا، ان کا تعلق مختلف اداروں سے رہا، مگر طبیعت میں استقلال نہ تھا، اس لئے کوئی کام جم کر نہ کرسکے، آج سے دس پندرہ سال قبل ہندوستانی اکیڈمی الٰہ آباد سے ان کا تعلق تھا، اس زمانہ میں انھوں نے جواہر سخن کے نام سے چار ضخیم جلدوں میں اردو شعراء کا مسبوط تذکرہ مرتب کیا جو چھپ کر شائع ہوگیا ہے، اب کی سب سے بڑی علمی یادگار یہی ہے اس کے علاوہ متفرق مضامین ہوں گے، کچھ دنوں تک مسلم یونیورسٹی کے کسی شعبہ میں رہے تھے، آج کل اٹاوہ میں تھے کہ وہیں یکم اکتوبر کو انتقال کیا ان کی موت سے چریا کوٹ کے عباسی خاندان کی آخری علمی یادگار مٹ گئی، اﷲ تعالیٰ اپنی مغفرت سے سرفراز فرمائے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی، اکتوبر ۱۹۵۶ء)

اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں خواتین کی مثبت سرگرمیاں کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ

The status, empowerment and dignity of woman in Islam is the crucial topic in the modern times. According to Islamic point of view, men and women have been created from a one soul. The main difference between them lies in the physical structure. A woman has to bring up, train and look after kids, which is the complicated task to civilize a nation. The issue of woman`s activities in Islam, is misunderstood and distorted due to misreporting of western media and misbehavior of some Muslim families. There is a large number of women scholars in Islamic history, Dr. Akram Nadwi has compiled the biographies of ten thousand female scholars in his commendable book of forty volumes. In educational system of Islam, a woman is completely free to perform educational activities for development of her nation. In social system of Islam, a woman is honored as mother, as daughter, as sister and as wife. The first converter to Islam was a woman, “Hazrat Khadijah (R.A)”. Hazrat Ayesha (R.A) was great scholar who reported many traditions from Holy Prophet( SAW). Many female Companions of Holy prophet( SAW) have performed great deeds even in the field of battlefield. There is a strong basis in Islamic history for women`s participation in positiveand constructive activities in every walk of life. Muslim women are allowed to perform research, educational, national,  religious, social, and financial and other constructive activities. In this research paper, Islamic overview has been described upon positive and constructive activities of women in the light of Islamic teachings.

Impact of Trade Liberalization and Fdi on Economic Development in Pakistan: A Human Development and Sustainability Perspective

Like many other developing countries, Pakistan has not only liberalized its trade but also adopted liberal policy for foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. Evidence shows that despite comparatively satisfactory average economic growth, Pakistan’s performance in economic development indicators is still not encouraging. Several studies have focused on the contribution of trade and FDI in economic growth of Pakistan. However, there is dearth of studies that analyze and provide conclusive evidence of the impact of trade liberalization (TL) and FDI on economic development, particularly regarding human development (human well-being) and sustainability. With intention to fill this gap in literature, the prime objective of this study is to investigate impact of trade liberalization and foreign direct investment on broader human centered view of economic development in Pakistan. The study uses annual data, covering the period from 1972 to 2015. This study would generally provide a unique contribution to the literature of economic development for developing countries and particularly for Pakistan. Taking inspiration from Sen’s ‘capability’ approach, this study uses human development index (HDI) as proxy of economic development. To achieve stated objectives of the study, eleven models are specified. Four models reveal impact of trade liberalization’s proxies (trade volume and per capita trade) on human development index (HDI) while in two models impact of FDI on HDI is examined. Two models disclose effect of economic globalization index on HDI and rest of the models demonstrate impact of trade liberalization and FDI on environment. Augmented Dickey-Fullers (ADF) test is applied to identify the unit root problem.In order to obtain stated objectives, Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound testing technique is used to find out long run (LR) associations.Statistical soundness of the specified models and estimated coefficients is checked by residual diagnostic tests and stability diagnostic tests. Variance inflation factor (VIF) is used to check multicollinearity. Results of all specified models, using ARDL technique, reveal robust long run relationship between dependent and explanatory variables, and adjustments of short deviations from equilibrium in the long- term. The long-run coefficients indicate that, in the long run, trade v liberalization (TL) has statistically significant positive impact on HDI (with and without income component) in all specifications. Based on findings, the study supported broader or ‘globalist’ argument for positive impact of trade liberalization on non-income development indicators via income as well as without income component. The results of FDI-HDI models advocate long run relationship between dependent and independent variables in the models. Estimated coefficients illustrate positive and statistically significant impact of FDI on development indicators in the SR and LR. FDI has positive impact on HDI with income and excluding income component. This depicts that FDI influences non-income development indicators by means of income as well as without income component just like trade. Control variable, real GDP has significant positive impact on HDI in both short and long run, whereas, inflation as proxy of macroeconomic stability, exerted negative impact particularly in the short run. When the people are considered a long-lasting real wealth of a country, then economic development must be sustainable. Environment sustainability is one of the key factors to secure quality of life for current and future generations. Debate over the impacts of trade liberalization and FDI on economic development cannot be settled until we get a wellfounded understanding of how trade and FDI affect environment quality in a developing country. Accordingly, for the impact of trade and FDI on the sustainability of economic development in Pakistan, using carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions as proxy of environment quality (increase in CO2 harms environment quality), this study investigated trade, FDI and environment nexus. The results of Trade-CO2 and FDI-CO2 models disclose robust longterm relationship between dependent and explanatory variables, and adjustments of short deviations from equilibrium in the long-run.Findings of study endorse ‘pollution haven’ hypothesis in Pakistan, indicating that trade and FDI aggravate environment quality through carbon dioxide emissions. Results show that economic expansions and fossil fuel energy consumption (control variables) deteriorate environmental quality.Based on empirical results, study suggests that policy makers should have more trade and FDI friendly policies in conjunction with growth enhancing and macroeconomic stability policies to achieve the dream task of developmental goals in Pakistan. Nevertheless, in context of empirical findings, the study implies that pursuing pro trade liberalization and vi foreign direct investment friendly strategies for economic expansion and development, professionals and government of Pakistan should also take care of environmentally sustainable economic development. Move towards sustainable economic development path will not occur overnight, but it is crucial if we are to secure long-term human focused economic development and make Pakistan economy resilient to dangers in future.
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