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مناظر احسن گیلانی

مولانا مناظر احسن گیلانی
حضرت الاستاذ رحمۃ اﷲ علیہ کا حادثہ وفات ابھی فراموش نہ ہوا تھا کہ آسمان علم و ادب کا ایک اور آفتاب غروب ہوگیا اور مولانا مناظر احسن گیلانی نے ۵؍ جون ۱۹۵۶؁ء کو انتقال کیا، وہ اپنے اوصاف و کمالات میں علمائے سلف کی یادگار اور علوم کی جامعیت، ذہانت و ذکاوت، دین و تقویٰ اور اخلاق و سیرت میں اس دور میں یگانہ تھے، جو اسلامی علوم میں ان کی نگاہ نہایت وسیع اور اس کی ہر شاخ میں ان کے قلم و زبان کی روانی یکساں تھی، اپنی ذہانت و اطباعی سے ایسے ایسے گوشوں سے معلومات و مسائل کا استنباط اور معمولی معمولی باتوں میں ایسے ایسے لطائف و نکات پیدا کرتے تھے کہ حیرت ہوتی تھی، علم ان کے تابع تھا وہ علم کے تابع نہ تھے ان کی ذہانت کتابوں کے انبار سے بے نیاز تھی، وہ تھوڑے معلومات سے ایسے مطول مضامین اور ضخیم کتابیں لکھ دیتے تھے جس کے لیے دوسرے مصنفین کو بڑے بڑے کتب خانوں کی ضرورت ہوتی ہے، ان کا نکتہ آفریں دماغ اور موّاج قلم جدھر رخ کردیتاتھا، تحریر کا دریا بہادیتا تھا، اور اپنے زور میں لعل و جواہر اور خس و خاشاک سب کو بہالے جاتا تھا۔
وہ ایک عرصہ تک جامعہ عثمانیہ کے شعبۂ دینیات کے صدر رہے، اور چوتھائی صدی سے زیادہ، ان کا علمی و تعلیمی فیض جاری رہا، اس زمانہ میں انھوں نے اپنے تلامذہ سے جو علمی و تحقیقی مقالات لکھوائے وہ اسلامی علوم کو جدید رنگ میں پیش کرنے کا ایک نمونہ ہیں، اس کے ذریعہ انھوں نے اس موضوع پر کام کرنے والوں کے لئے ایک شاہراہ قائم کردی۔
جامعہ عثمانیہ کے طلبہ میں اسلامی علوم پر تحقیقات اور جدید علوم سے ان کے موازنہ کا جو ذوق پیدا ہوا، اس...

ACADEMIC MOTIVATION LEVEL AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS SOCIAL STUDIES AMONG PUBLIC SCHOOL SECONDARY STUDENTS IN ZAMBOANGA SIBUGAY PHILIPPINES

In a Social Studies, students' academic motivation and attitudes will be useful to their academic progress. If a student is enthusiastic about a subject, he or she will do better in class and learn faster. There have been a lot of studies that have looked into students' academic motivation and attitudes toward social studies, but there does not appear to be any study that focuses on the learners themselves. This quantitative study aims to determine the level of academic motivation as well as the attitude toward social studies of 458 secondary students from public schools using the Academic Motivation Scale High School Version and Secondary Students Attitudes Towards Social Studies Scale. It also looked at whether there was a significant difference in academic motivation and attitude toward social studies when respondents were sorted by gender. Finally, it investigates the link between academic motivation and attitude towards social studies. Students are found to be "highly motivated" in terms of academic motivation and have a “positive attitude” toward social studies, according to the findings. Furthermore, when respondents were divided into gender groups, no significant differences in academic motivation and attitude toward social studies were found. Finally, academic motivation and attitude toward social studies show a significant favorable relationship.

An Analysis of Factors Affecting Individual Innovation: A Case Study of Selected Pakistani Organizations

An Analysis of Factors Affecting Individual Innovation: A Case Study of Selected Pakistani Organizations Individual innovation provides basis for high competitiveness and improves fires performance. These are the employees whose capacity and capability for creativity and innovation provides the organization foundation for improved-performance and sustainable competitive advantage. The topic of individual innovation and creativity is of greater interest for organizations and entrepreneurs because individual innovation gives birth to firm-level innovation. Employee innovativeness not only enables an organization to choose from a broader range of products and procedures but also facilitates the organization to constantly adapt to a changing environment and to establish competitive advantages in strategic competition. This variety provides the organization with flexibility with which it can respond to external demands and opportunities. Thus, employee innovations can be the inputs for a firm to innovate. However, research in this area is still at nascent stage in Asia Pacific, particularly in South Asia. In Pakistan, more specifically, no such efforts have been made to study individual innovation in context to its antecedent factors. This study developed and tested a model of individual innovation and its four antecedent factors; creativity, self-leadership, knowledge management and culture. Data was collected from 227 respondents from thirty five randomly selected manufacturing organizations in Pakistan. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to extract the factors and measuring factor loadings for each construct. Construct reliability was tested using Cronbach's Alpha. Finally, Path Analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized model. The entire criteria for model-fit were achieved successfully. Results showed that creativity had a positive relationship with individual innovation. A significant mediating role of creativity was found for self-leadership and knowledge management (KM).The data did not support the last hypothesis and showed no significant indirect positive effect of culture on individual innovation. Although a small positive indirect effect was found but that was statistically non- significant.
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