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شیخ ابوزہرہ

شیخ محمد ابو زہرہ عصرِ حاضر کے نہایت فاضل اوربلند پایہ عالم ومحقق اور مصنف تھے۔ فقہ، اُس کے اصول اور تاریخ پران کی نظر بہت گہری اور وسیع تھی۔ چنانچہ ائمہ اربعہ ،امام ابوحنیفہ ،امام شافعی، امام مالک اورامام احمد بن حنبل ان میں سے ہرایک کے فقہ پرالگ الگ انھوں نے کتابیں لکھیں اورپھرامام اعظم کے تلامذہ قاضی ابویوسف ،امام محمد اورامام زفران میں سے بھی ہرایک کے فقہ پرالگ الگ ایک کتاب تصنیف کی۔علاوہ ازیں فقہ جعفری اور المذاہب الاسلامیہ پربھی ان کی تصنیفات ہیں جوبڑی بصیرت افروز اور معلومات افزا ہیں۔راقم الحروف کو پانچ چھ مرتبہ سفر قاہرہ اوروہاں کے قیام کا اتفاق ہواہے،اورافسوس ہے کہ اپنی خواہش اور تمنا کے باوجود ڈاکٹر طہٰ حسین مرحوم سے ملاقات کاکبھی موقعہ نہیں ملا۔ کیوں کہ ان دنوں میں یاوہ قاہرہ سے باہر تھے یاتھے وہیں مگرعلیل تھے ۔لیکن خوش قسمتی سے شیخ ابوزہرہ سے تقریباً ہرسفر میں ملاقات اور ان کی مجلس میں بیٹھنے اور مجمع البحوث الاسلامیہ کے جلسوں میں ان کی تقریریں اورسوال و جواب سننے کا موقع ملاہے، اور جیسا کہ میں نے برہان میں لکھا بھی ہے میرے لیے یہ بات لائق افتخار ومسرت ہے کہ ایک مرتبہ مجمع کے جلسہ میں کسی موضوع پر میں نے عربی میں تقریر کی توشیخ مرحوم نے جلسہ گاہ سے نکلتے ہوئے اس تقریر اوراُس کی زبان کی تعریف کی۔ اﷲ تعالیٰ نے علم وفضل کے ساتھ شیخ کوحافظہ نہایت قوی اور تقریروخطابت کاعجیب وغریب ملکہ عطا فرمایا تھا۔ مجمع البحوث الاسلامیہ کی میٹنگ کے لیے اُن کامقالہ ڈیڑھ سو دوسو صفحات سے کم کا نہیں ہوتاتھا لیکن وہ کبھی مقالہ پڑھتے نہیں تھے بلکہ زبانی تقریرکرتے تھے۔یہ تقریر ڈیڑھ دو گھنٹہ سے کم کی نہیں ہوتی تھی،لیکن پیرانہ سالی کے باوجود اس درجہ مربوط اورمسلسل ہوتی تھی کہ مقالہ سے منطبق کرلیجیے...

THE TEACHERS AND STUDENTS PERCEPTION ON ENGLISH TEXTBOOK WHEN ENGLISH RINGS THE BELL

Abstract The purpose of this study is to compare the student's and teacher’s perceptions about their current English textbook they used. This study categorized as a descriptive qualitative study. The population of VIII grade students (45 students) of junior high school was involved in this study and an English teacher of them too. The questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used as the instrument of this research. Besides, the guideline of the interview and questionnaire was from [1]Cunningsworth's (1995) theory which is explained about the book evaluation. The data were analyzed through Google form percentage presentation for the questionnaire while transcription, coding was used for the interview section. The result showed, 75% of students believed that the book they used has good quality. While the rest 25% felt it did not fulfill their expectation and need. Besides, the teachers’ perception supports it with some of the books’ part lacks organization and employed too many vocabularies. Whereas the students felt their current level was not suitable with the teachers’ beliefs, but the teacher believed that it was appropriate with the students’ level. So, there were few different perceptions between them.  However, the teacher believed that her role in helping students with textbook usage could help the main point of students’ need due to the teacher has lack of knowledge and awareness to do coursebook evaluation. Therefore, further research needs to be done to make this study more comprehensive.    

Relationship Between Demographic Variables and Investment Preferences in Pakistan

The research was carried out with purpose of finding the relationship between Demographic variables and investment preferences. Contextual difference and inclusion of demographics as independent as well as new dimension of investment preferences made the study unique and novel in its essence. While adopting Leimberg financial management model the study sought for the basic inputs of resources allocation it had gone through regression and correlation analysis of 382 business students as sample. Empirical result of the correlation matrix are showing a positive significant correlation between modes of investment and annual savings whereas risk tolerance exhibits the same with gender, annual savings, age, experience and annual income and location except occupation which shows significant but negative correlation. The matrix also shows an insignificant correlation among modes of investment, gender, age, experience, annual income, occupation and location. Liquidity have a significant correlation with gender, age, education, experience, annual income, annual savings, occupation and location. Regression analysis depicts significant relationship between Modes of Investment and experience at job, Income, savings and location as evident from t-values -2.024, -3.610, 2.454 and p-values 0.044, 0.0000, 0.015, 0.000 respectively. Similar results were found for liquidity with Education and Savings given by t-values -2.129, 2.190 and p-values -0 .620, 0.029 respectively. Whereas Risk tolerance have significant results with Gender, Savings and Location shown by the t-values 2.037, 2.886, 58 and p –values .042, 0.004, and 0.000 respectively. However an insignificance relationship was found between Modes of Investment and Gender, Age and Education indicated by t-values-1.335, 0.049, -1.134 and p-values -0.543,0.005, and -0.445 respectively. Liquidity with Gender, Age, Experience, Income and Occupation given by t-values 0.117, 0.076, -1.220, -0.708,-0.144 and p-values .009, 006,-.120,-.075 and -.011 respectively. Similarly Risk Tolerance also evidenced insignificant relationship with Age, Education, Experience, Income and Occupation exhibited by their t-values -1.290, .638, -.035, -1.886, all less than 2 and p-values above 0.05 respectively. Key words: Investment Preferences, Risk Tolerance, Liquidity, Modes of investment preference.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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