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ام المومنین حضرت امِ حبیبہؓ

ام المومنین سیدہ ام حبیبہ ؓ
ام المومنین حضرت ام حبیبہ ؓ ، ابو سفیان بن حرب کی بیٹی تھیں ان کی والدہ صفیہ بنت ابو العاس تھی جو حضرت عثمان ؓ کی پھوپھی تھیں ۔ ابو سفیان اور صفیہ سے ایک بیٹی ہوئی جس کا نام رملہ رکھا ۔ ام حبیبہ ؓ عبیداللہ بن جحش کی زوجہ تھیں ان کے ساتھ انہوں نے حبشہ کی طرف ہجرت کی ۔ دوسری ہجرت حبشہ میں بھی دونوں میاں بیوی شریک تھے ۔ حبشہ میں قیام کے دوران ان کے ہاں ایک بیٹی نے جنم لیا جس کا نام باپ نے حبیبہ رکھا ۔ اس کے بعد رملہ کو سب لوگ ام حبیبہ ؓ کے نام سے منسوب کرنے لگے پھر یہی نام بہ زبان زد عام ہو گیا ۔ عبیداللہ بن جحش مرتد ہو گئے اور وہ دین اسلام چھوڑ کر عیسائی بن گئے لیکن سیدہ ام حبیبہ ؓ دین اسلام پر قائم رہیں ۔
ایک شبہ کا ازالہ : ابن حبان نے سیدہ عائشہ ؓ سے یہ روایت بیان کی ہے کہ عبداللہ بن جحشؓ نے ام حبیبہ ؓکے ساتھ حبشہ کو ہجرت کی ، جب وہ حبشہ پہنچے تو عبداللہ بیمار ہوگئے اور وفات پا گئے ۔ جب اس کے انتقال کا وقت آیا تو اس نے رسول اللہ ﷺ کے لیے ایک وصیت چھوڑی ، پس آپ نے وصیت کے پیش نظر ام حبیبہ ؓ سے نکاح کیا اور نجاشی بادشاہ نے سیدہ ؓ کو شرجیل بن حسنہؓ کی معیت میں حبشہ سے مدینہ روانہ کر دیا ۔ ( امہات المو منین ۔۲۶۸) اس روایت میں دو باتیں قابل غور ہیں ۔ اول تو نام ہے جو اس روایت میں عبداللہ آیا ہے حالانکہ صحیح نام عبیداللہ ہے ۔ ابن حبان کو سہو ہوا ہے نیز یہ درست ہے کہ عبداللہ بن جحش...

Varietal Comparison of Proximate Composition and Mineral Profiling of Pakistan Native Barberry Powder Proximate Composition and Mineral Profiling of Barberry Powder

Berberis Vulgaris fruit (barberry)also commonly known as “zereshk” is one of the world’s renowned medicinal plant with highly nutritious and therapeutic values, world widely. It is an elongated, 8-10mm long, bright red colored, fruit. Berberidaceae family; B. Vulgaris fruit is very useful tonic for liver, heart, pancreas, gallbladder and kidneys. It prevents chronic bleeding disorders, purifies blood, lowersblood cholesterol level, blood pressure and most importantly it help to treat diabetes. In addition it is effective in treatment of parasitic liver, kidney stones, gout, colon cancer, prostate inflammation, fever, asthma and malaria. Objective: This study is aimed to check the mineral and chemical profiling of Pakistan native barberry fruit. Methods: Proximate analysis of three different varieties (BVF01, BVF02, and BVF03) of B. Vulgaris fruitfrom different three regions Azad Kashmir, Chitral and Gilgit Baltistandemonstrated a nutritional composition in range of 77.43, 70.08, 73.12%for moisture, 0.98, 0.76, 0.89% for crude ash, 0.42, 0.33, 0.39% for crude fat, 1.53, 1.32, 1.44% for crude protein, 2.76, 2.64, 2.75% for crude fiber, 16.88, 24.87, 21.41% for Nitrogen free extract (NFE). The different varieties of barberry contained the ranges of minerals such ascalcium2724.70,2584.13, 2693.59ppm, magnesium 998.46,944.06, 986.32ppm, potassium12189.75, 11,114.21, 12021.19ppm, sodium 1402.16, 872.38, 1269.44ppm, iron 449.67, 334.58, 396.90ppm, zinc8.42, 13.78, 29.5ppm, copper 15.11, 5.45, 11.63ppm, manganese 32.5, 25.86, 28.91ppm(mg/L), respectively. Conclusions: The type of barberry cultivated in Azad Kashmir is the best having good proximate composition and highest minerals amount as compared to Chitral and Gilgit Baltistan cultivated barberry

Analysis and Quantification of Medicinally Important Essential Oil by Mass Spectrometry Method and Chemical Studies on Opuntia Dillenii

The thesis comprises two parts, A and B. Part A deals with the analysis and quantification of medicinally important essential oil, by mass spectrometry method while, the part B describes the chemical studies on cladode of Opuntia dillenii. A short summary on the biosynthesis of steroids, flavonoids, fatty acids and terpenoids are also included in the thesis. Part A This part explains the chemical constituents and their quantification of medicinally important components of extracts on Ixora fulgens, I. coccinea (yellow and orange color flowers), I. polyantha, I. chinensis, Ipomoea batata (blackie), I. batata pink frost, and Cassia fistula, by mass spectrometry method. GC and GC-MS studies were carried out on extracts of different parts especially flowers, leaves and stalks of the plants which led to the identification of 230 chemical compounds from hexane extracts, 324 chemical compounds were identified from chloroform extract of Ixora species. Moreover, 26 metabolites were characterized from methanol extracts of Ixora chinensis flowers extract. From Ipomoea species, 106 chemical compounds were identified from hexane extracts, while, 72 compounds were identified from chloroform extract of the plant. Moreover, 57 phytochemicals were identified from hexane extract, whereas, 51 metabolites were identified from chloroform extracts of C. fistula plant. Different class of compounds were identified from this extracts including hydrocarbons, long chain fatty acids and their esters, alcohols, aromatic acids and their esters, terpenes and vitamins. Antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities have also been carried out from all the above mentioned extracts. Part B Total thirteen different fractions of vaccum liquid chromatography (VLC) of antidepressant butanol phase of Opuntia dillenii were selected for chemical analysis. For this purpose GC and GC-MS studies were carried out, which led to the identification of 409 chemical compounds.
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