Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

مڈھلی گل

مڈھلی گل

                آکھیا جاندا اے کہ حیاتی وچ ترقی کرن لئی کسے سیانے بندے دی لوڑ ہوندی اے۔ جو تہانوں حیاتی دے رستے دیاں اوکڑاں توں جانوں کروا کے تہاڈی آگوائی کرسکے۔ میرے نال وی حیاتی وچ کجھ انج ای ہویا۔ میرا تعلق ضلع مظفر گڑھ دے اک پنڈ ۶۴۷ ایم۔ بی نال اے۔ دسویں کرن پچھوں مظفر گڑھ کالج وچ داخلہ لیا، پر انٹر ایس پاروں نہ کرسکیا کہ ہاسٹل دی سنگت نے صرف ہاسٹل انجوائے کرن دتا۔ پڑھائی ول دھیان گھٹ ای رہیا۔ پر ایس حیاتی دا ایہہ فائدہ ہویا کہ ادب نال میری دلچسپی ودھی۔ کیوں جے کالج پرتن مگروں سنگی دوہڑے آکھدے ہوندے سن یاں فیر کوئی گیت گاؤندے سن۔ پہلاں پہل ایہہ کم چنگا نہ لگا۔ فیر ہولی ہولی شاعری وچ دلچسپی ودھی تاں سرائیکی دے کئی شعر زبانی یاد ہوگے۔ ایہو اوہ ویلا سی جدوں میں وی شاعری نوں منہ مارنا شروع کیتا۔ پر چھیتی ای احساس ہوگیا کہ ایہہ میرے وس دا روگ نئیں۔ پر طبیعت کجھ نہ کجھ لکھن نوں کردی سی۔ ایس لئی ماڑی چنگی کہانی لکھنا شروع کیتی۔ پر سجناں ولوں اسارو ہنگارانہ ہوون پاروں میں ایہہ کم چھڈ دتا۔ ایس پچھوں میں کم کار لئی فیصل آباد آگیا۔

                فیصل آباد مڑ پڑھن دا من کیتا تے ایس دوران ڈاکٹر محمد ایوب ہوراں نال ملاقات ہوئی۔ اوہناں پڑھائی وچ مدد کرن دے نال نال میرے شوق دی...

قانون ٹارٹ كا فقہ اسلامى كى روشنى میں جائزہ

Tort law is an umbrella term for  laws  which cover issues of civil wrongs like defamation, trespassing and the other actions involving  violation of law. In case a person has undergone a physical, legal or any economic harm then he can file a suit under the tort law. Torts are civil wrongs recognized by law as grounds for a lawsuit. It is also generally known that tort in Islamic fiqh as “Jinayet”. This paper attempts to analys  by Islamic law in thel light of the  relevant verses for the Qur’an followed by the rules stated in traditions from the Prophet (Peace by on him). Jinayat the part of Shari’a that applies to homicide or physical  injury is called jinayat and is based on the pre-Islamic rules of Arab blood feud, as modified by Prophet (Peace be on him). The punishment is either retaliation or blood money (diyat). Retaliation occurs only upon  the request of the victim, if alive, or his nearest kin if the victim is dead, and is to be inflicted by victim or kin. In the case of homicide retaliation means death, in the case of injury it means imposing an identical injury. Where retaliation is one of the options, the victim or his closest kinsman may demand blood money instead, or negotiate an out of court settlement. Jinayat, like modern tort law, is based on private action; there is no official responsible for initiating the case.

Drift Effects on Plasma Waves

The full kinetic dispersion relation for the Geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) including diamagnetic effects due to inhomogeneous plasma density and temperature is derived by using the drift kinetic theory. The fluid model including the effects of ion parallel viscosity (pressure anisotropy) is also presented that allows to recover exactly the adiabatic index obtained in kinetic theory. We show that diamagnetic effects lead to the positive up-shift of the GAM frequency and appearance of the second (lower frequency) branch related to the drift frequency. The latter is a result of modification of the degenerate (zero frequency) zonal flow branch which acquires a finite frequency or becomes unstable in regions of high temperature gradients. By using the full electromagnetic drift kinetic equations for electrons and ions, the general dispersion relation for geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) is derived incorporating the electromagnetic effects. It is shown that m=1 harmonic of the GAM mode has a finite electromagnetic component. The electromagnetic corrections appear for finite values of the radial wave numbers and modify the GAM frequency. The effects of plasma pressure βe, the safety factor q and the temperature ratio τ on GAM dispersion are analyzed. Using the quantum hydrodynamical model of plasmas, the stability analysis of self-gravitational electrostatic drift waves for a streaming non-uniform quantum dusty magneto-plasma is presented. For two different frequency domains i.e., Ω0d<<ω<Ω0i (unmagnetized dust) and ω<< Ω0d < Ω0i (magnetized dust), we simplify the general dispersion relation for self-gravitational electrostatic drift waves which incorporates the effects of density inhomogeneity ∇n0α, streaming velocity v0α due to magnetic field inhomogeneity ∇B0, Bohm potential and the Fermi degenerate pressure. For the unmagnetized case, the drift waves may become unstable under appropriate conditions giving rise to Jeans instability. The modified threshold condition is also determined for instability by using the intersection method for solving the cubic equation. We note that the inhomogeneity in magnetic field (equilibrium density) through streaming velocity (diamagnetic drift velocity) suppress the Jeans instability depending upon the characteristic scale length of these inhomogeneities. On the other hand, the dust-lower- hybrid wave and the quantum mechanical effects of electrons tend to reduce the growth rate as expected. A number of special cases are also discussed.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.