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بھٹو مرتا کیوں نہیں

بھٹو مرتا کیوں نہیں ؟

بے نظیر اپنی کتاب میں لکھتی ہیں کہ جب لاہور ہائی کورٹ نے انہیں سزائے موت سنائی تو وہ کوٹ لکھپت جیل گئیں بھٹو صاحب کو لوہے کی تاروں سے بنی چارپائی پر لٹا کر ان کے بازو اور پائوں کو زنجیروں سے باندھا ہو ا تھا ۔چارپائی پر چٹائی بھی نہیں تھی ۔مچھروں کے کاٹنے کی وجہ سے ان کے ہاتھ پائوں اور چہرہ سرخ ہو رہا تھا ۔بے نظیر بھٹو پر نظر پڑتے ہی کڑکدار ا آواز میں بولے "Hi pinci how are you"اور پھر کہنے لگے آپ کو اندر سے توڑنے کے لیے مجھے اس طرح باندھا گیا ہے لیکن آپ نے ٹوٹنا نہیںہے ۔

پھر جب سپریم کورٹ کے چاروں ججوں نے سزائے موت سنائی (تین ججوں نے انیں بری کیا کل سات جج تھے )تو انہیں جیل کی کال کوٹھری میں رکھا گیا ۔انہوں نے بھوک ہڑتال کی جو گیارہ روز جاری رہی اس عرصہ میں کال کوٹھری کی چھت پر لوگ بڑے بوٹ پہن کر ناچتے رہتے تھے تا کہ بھٹو سو نہ سکے اس کے باوجود بھٹو بیمار نہیں ہوئے اور بارہویں رات کو پھانسی چڑھ گئے ۔

جو دوست اب سوال پوچھتے ہیں کہ بھٹو مرتا کیوں نہیں ہے تو گزارش ہے کہ ایسے بہادر انسان کا جسم تو مر جا تا ہے لیکن نام رہتی دنیا تک زندہ رہتا ہے ۔جیے بھٹو ۔

 

PASTEL Analysis of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises After Covid-19 in India

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises are major sector in Indian economy in relation with GDP (Gross Domestic Product), Export and Employment generation for the country. According to Ministry of Statistic and Programme Implementation (MOSPI), the share of MSME for Gross Value Added (GVA) in total GVA during the year 2016-17 was 31.8% which is considered as significant contribution to economy. As per Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCIS) the portion of MSME related products in total export from India during 2018-19 was 48.10% with this it is indicated most important sector for economy but after declaration of lockdown due to Covid-19 that lead to major impact on MSME sector. In this study researcher try to identify the PESTEL Environment after Covid-19 and ATMA-NIRBHAR BHARAT Abhiyan initiated by Indian Government on 12th May 2020. The major finding of the study indicated major decision are taken by government of India and Atma-Nirbhar Bharta Abhiyan give boost to MSMEs in future and widely increases number of MSMEs. In India movement also started Vocal for Local that lead to strengthen MSMEs in future.

Postharvest Studies on Gladiolus Grandiflorus L.

Gladiolus is second most produced cut flower in Pakistan. Its postharvest losses occasionally reach up to 10-30% in Pakistan. Losses are mainly due to lack of use of postharvest treatments, harvesting at improper time and stage, improper cold storage, and poor water quality. Markets surveys revealed that growers and retailers do not follow have standard protocols for postharvest handling of gladiolus to reduce these losses. A project, involving a series of postharvest experiments on ‘White Prosperity’ gladiolus, was executed to develop protocols for postharvest handling of gladiolus, with special context to prevailing problems faced by growers and retailers in Pakistan. The results revealed that pulsing with 10% sucrose for 24 h increased the vase life of gladiolus up to ~3 days relative to control (tap water). Harvesting the stems in the morning or evening was better than noon harvest, while the less the number of florets opened at harvest, the better was the postharvest performance of gladiolus. Wet type of storage was better for shorter durations of storage than dry storage. Pulsing with low concentration of nano- silver (NS) for short duration (50 mg L -1 for one hour) significantly improved the postharvest characteristics of gladiolus, while among silver sources AgNO 3 (20 mg L -1 ) performed better than Silver thiosulfate (STS) or NS. Similarly for vase solution low concentration (0.01 mg L -1 ) of NS improved the longevity of gladiolus. Carbonated water performed better over other sources/types of water. Among Pseudomonas fluorescens strains PF-279 performed better than PF-417 to prolong the longevity of gladiolus. The study concluded that use of sucrose pulsing; managing the time and stage of harvest; and use of wet storage, different germicides, carbonated water, and biocontrol bacteria can remarkably enhance vase life of gladiolus and can help in reducing the postharvest losses while maximizing net return to the growers and retailers.
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