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محمد جمیل پروازؔ

محمد جمیل پروازؔ(۱۹۳۹ء۔۲۰۰۲ء) سیالکوٹ میں پیدا ہوئے ۔لیکن ان کی رہائش تحصیل سمڑیال میں تھی۔ آپ حبیب بینک میں اعلیٰ عہدے پر فائز رہے۔ ۱۹۶۰ء میں انھوں نے شعر و شاعری کا آغاز کیا۔ (۹۵۵)’’ لب اظہار ‘‘جمیل پرواز کا پہلا غزلیہ شعری مجموعہ ہے۔ جو ۱۹۹۷ء میں کاغذی پیرہن لاہور نے شائع کیا۔ دوسرا شعری مجموعہ ۱۹۹۹ء میں ’’پرواز‘‘ بھی کاغذی پیرہن نے شائع کیا۔ جمیل پرواز کا تیسرا شعری مجموعہ’’ کانٹوں کے ساتھ ساتھ‘‘ کاغذی پیرہن لاہور سے اپریل ۲۰۰۰ء میں شائع ہوا۔ آپ کا چوتھا شعری مجموعہ ’’جلتے ہاتھ‘‘ علم و عرفان پبلشرز لاہور نے طبع کیا۔

جمیلؔ پرواز ایک قادر الکلام شاعر ہیں۔ انھوں نے غزل کے ساتھ ساتھ دیگر اصناف سخن میں بھی طبع آزمائی کی ہے۔ پرواز ایک رجائی شاعر ہیں۔ حالات جیسے بھی ہوں ان کے ہاں نا امیدی اور یاسیت نظر نہیں آتی۔ وہ زندگی کے مثبت پہلوؤں کو دیکھنے والے انسان اور شاعر ہیں:

زندگی کا ہر کسی کو حوصلہ دیتا ہوں میں

 

گردشِ دوراں کو یوں اکثر سزا دیتا ہوں میں

 

سوادِ تیرگی میں روشنی تقسیم کرتا ہوں

 

دیارِ بے دلاں میں زندگی تقسیم کرتا ہوں

(۹۵۶)

¿جمیل پروازؔ کی شاعری میں ایسے متعدد اشعار موجود ہیں جن میں آپ نے اپنے اندر کی دنیا کا منظر دکھانے کی کوشش کی ہے ۔وہ بڑے مخلص انسان تھے لیکن زندگی میں انھیں کوئی مخلص انسان نہیں ملا۔ جس کا اظہار ان کی شاعری میں جا بجا ملتا ہے۔ داخلیت ان کی شاعری میں بدرجہ اتم موجود ہے۔ دوستوں کی بے وفائی اور بے مروتی کا اظہار بھی اکثر ان کے اشعار میں دیکھا جا سکتاہے:

ہمارے ساتھ چلے...

Perception of Working Mothers on Child Development: A Qualitative Study from Pakistan

The inclusion of women in the workforce is imperative for the advancement of every country in the world. In Pakistan the role of women is undergoing dynamic transformation which can have considerable influence on the mother-child relationship and child development. This research attempts to understand the influence of out-of-home maternal employment on the development of child, as perceived by mothers. The study is qualitative in nature using snowball sampling. A total of six working mothers were interviewed from Lahore, Pakistan. Thematic analysis technique has been used to analyze the data. The following themes were identified: (i) Child Neglect; (ii) Strained Child-Parent Relationship; (iii) Child Aggression; (iv) Low Academic Achievement; and (v) Independence and Sense of Responsibility. The study concludes that working mothers need family and employer support to ensure child development in Pakistan. Some of the key reforms that are needed include respect for women’s triple role in society and employment benefits for working mothers.

Exploring Feedback Practices of Primary Teachers on Students Homework in a Public School in Gilgit Baltistan

Formative assessment practices within schools are usually carried out in two dimensions; assigning assessment tasks to the students and providing feedback on the assigned tasks. To assess students’ learning or performance effectively, it is unavoidable to plan and manage all tasks or activities in a way that will ensure the very purpose of the intended assessment. This study aimed to explore and understand the existing feedback practices of teachers in a primary school on students’ homework. The study was carried out under the qualitative paradigm employing the case study method. Two teachers and ten students were involved as the study’s participants. The study revealed that the teachers used to assign homework to their students and provide feedback on the assigned work but in a narrower scope. The assigned homework essentially remained textbook oriented and feedback on it was less focused and of a traditional manner. Teachers’ provided feedback was comprised mostly with the direct form of corrective feedback and also in an inconsistent way. However, the study also explored the challenges which constrained the teachers in carrying out effective feedback practices. These challenges and obstacles obviously are: (a) inadequate professional training of teachers, (b) ineffective supervision of school administration, and (c) absence of clear institutional policy regarding homework and feedback. The study further explored that the teachers need to be acquainted with the proper knowledge of formative assessment and its techniques to carry out effective and purposeful feedback practices within classrooms. The existing feedback practices of teachers in lower grades seem unnecessarily corrective and lacking both purpose and focus on students’ work. The study suggests detailed and individualized feedback on students written drafts as well as a scaffolding assistance for students in lower grades. The study also endorses to assign homework to students consistently but according to their needs, ease and interest. The purposeful home tasks thus would make the feedback process more meaningful and advantageous for both students and teachers.
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