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کرشمے

اُس کی قدرت کے ہزار کرشمے
بنا ستوں کھڑا کیا آسماں جس نے

شب دن میں دن شب میں ڈھلتاہے
وہ جانے کتنے ہی رنگ بدلتا ہے

یہ پہاڑ بھی اُس کی طاقت کا نشاں ہیں
کہ اس کی قدرت کی حد تو بے بیاں ہے

بحروں کی اتھاہ گہرائیوں میں بھی
اپنی بنائی مخلوق پالتا ہے

کبھی پانیوں کو فلک سے گراتا ہے
تو کبھی زمیں سے اُچھالتا ہے

ننھے سے بیج کے سینے سے
کیسے تن آور شجر نکالتا ہے

زمیں کا سینہ چیرتے ہوئے
آتش فشاں بھی تو بنائے اُس نے

اپنے قادر ہونے کے
کتنے ہی نشاں دکھائے اس نے

ناممکن سی شے تعریف اس کے ایک گُن کی ہے
کہ اس کے نزدیک تو بات کن فیکون کی ہے

جب وہ رب یہ سب معجزے دکھا سکتا تھا
اک ادنیٰ سا کرشمہ اور بھی تو دکھا سکتا تھا
وہ تجھے میرا بھی تو بنا سکتا تھا

علم الرسم قواعد اور شرعی حیثیت

Literally, Rasm means “symbol” While the term “rasm” refers to the knowledge by which the writer is protected from the errors of writing. The use of the word “rasm” in the sense of writing began around the fifth century (AH) and later the word was used exclusively for the “Rasm-e-Usmani”. Although the Holy Qur'an was written entirely in the Prophet's time, it was based on various things, then in the era ofAbu Bakar(RA)it was also given abook form, but this “Rasm” was named after the “Rasm-e-Usmani” because it was job of Usman (RA)to purify the Holy Qur'an from the rare recitations (Shaz Qira`at) and commentary sayings of the Companions and to compile it in a manner in which all the recitations could be recited continuously and then to prepare its Mushafs and send them to different Islamic countries. The “Rasm” on which he prepared the Mushafs was different from the common script due to some features and these features are called the six rules and they are; Hazf, Zyadat, Al-Hamz, Badal, Wasl-o-Fasal and Ma-fihi-Qira`ataan. There is a difference of opinion as to whether the “Rasm-e-Mushaf” is detention or non-detention, however, the preferred opinion is that of the detainees. Similarly, whether it is necessary for the Muslim Ummah to adhere to this “Rasm” or not, the position of the majority of scholars is that adherence to the “Rasm-e-Usmani” is necessary for all Muslims.

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polyamidoximes, Polyamides, Poly Amide-Imide S and Poly Ester-Amide S and Their Applications for the Removal of Metal Cations from Aqueous Solutions

Novel polyamidoximes, poly(amide-imide)s, poly(ester-imide)s along with crosslinked polyamidoximes and polyamides have been reported in this thesis. The foremost goal of the current research endeavor is to design some new adsorbents dealing with adsorption of heavy metal cations, with excellent thermal resistance. The designed monomers (2,6-bis(4-chloroformylphenoxy)benzonitrile, 2,6-bis(4aminophenoxy) benzonitrile, 5-(5-carboxy-1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl) isophthalic acid)bearing pre-formed linkages were synthesized and employed for the novel polymer synthesis.Monomer synthesis was confirmed using FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic analysis while polymer formation confirmed by molecular weight (GPC), XRD and TGA data study. Condensation polymerization was used for the fabrication of polymeric materials. In cross-linked polymers much better crystallinity in addition to boost in thermal resistance was noted. The incorporation of various linkages with more electronegative centers provided polymers with high molecular weights, improved crystalline nature, advanced thermal stability and efficient adsorption capacity. The effect of numerous groups towards adsorption capacity of Cd+2 and Pb+2 was scrutinized following a thorough study of adsorption by batch process. Effects of variable pH, contact time, amount of adsorbent and concentration of adsorbate were deliberately studied with a maximum uptake at pH 6 and 3h of contact time. AAS provided information about the metal ion concentration in the media before and after the adsorption process. The adsorption process was found to be favorable following the Langmuir adsorption isotherm as compared to Freundlich, thus giving an insight to monolayer adsorption over a range of concentration studied. Their ease in formation, high molar mass, heat stability and metal binding ability depict their compliance, rendering them a key material in future polymer science.
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