Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

پروفیسر اختر ا ورینوی

آہ! پروفیسر اختر اورنیوی
گزشتہ اپریل میں بہار کے پروفیسر ڈاکٹر اختر اورنیوی کی وفات کی خبر بہت دکھ اور غم کے ساتھ سنی ہم دونوں ہم درس اور ہم جماعت تو نہیں رہے، لیکن ہماری طالب علمی کا زمانہ ایک ہی تھا، وہ شروع میں سائنس کے طالب علم تھے، آئی ایس سی کرکے پٹنہ میڈیکل کالج میں داخل ہوئے، مگر وہاں ان کی صحت خراب ہوئی تو اٹکی اور رانچی کے سینی ٹوریم میں رہ کر صحت یاب ہوئے، میڈیکل کالج چھوڑ کر پٹنہ کالج میں آرٹس کی تعلیم حاصل کرنے لگے، ہم دونوں ۳۶؁ء میں ایم۔اے اردو کے امتحان میں ساتھ شریک تھے، اس کے نتیجہ میں ان کا نام سرفہرست تھا، میرا نام ان کے بعد تھا، وہ ایم۔اے کرنے کے بعد پٹنہ کالج میں اردو کے لکچرار ہوئے، اس زمانہ میں ڈاکٹر سید محمود مرحوم بہار کے وزیر تعلیم تھے۔ وہ کالج میں اردو کے ایک لائق استاد کے تقرر کے خواہش مند تھے، اس لئے انھوں نے امیدواروں کا انٹرویو خود لیا، درجہ میں باضابطہ سبق پڑھانے کو بھی کہا اختر اورنیوی صاحب ان کے معیار پر پورے اترے، وہ ایک استاد کی حیثیت سے طلبہ میں بہت مقبول رہے، جو نہ صرف ان کی صلاحیت اور قابلیت بلکہ ان کے ذاتی اوصاف کی بھی قدر کرتے، آخرمیں وہ پٹنہ یونیورسٹی کے شعبہ اردو کے صدر اور پروفیسر ہوگئے تھے، انھوں نے اردو زبان و ادب کے ارتقاء پر ایک مقالہ لکھ کر ڈاکٹریٹ کی ڈگری بھی حاصل کی، بہار کے جن شاعروں، مصنفوں اور نقادوں پر اس وقت تک سیر حاصل بحث نہیں ہوئی ہے، اس کی تلافی ان کے مقالہ سے ہوگئی اور وہ بھی ایک اچھے مصنف کی صف میں داخل ہوگئے، اس کے بعد سے جب ان کا کوئی مقالہ کہیں شائع ہوتا، تو اردو کے ادبی...

صفات الجنة في سورة الرحمن: دراسة موضوعية

Thus the whole sayings or acts of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) proved to be the explanation of the Qur’an. Keeping this reality in view the writer has studied the whole treasure of the Hadith analytically and discussed the duty of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) for explanation of the Qur’an and primary and secondary sources of this pious duty pointing out different aspects of the explanation of the Qur’an by the Hadith; Qur’anic words, Qur’anic terms, Qur’anic notions, Qur’anic thoughts and even valuable points and conclusions the Prophet (PBUH) made through pondering upon this Holy Book.

Detection & Molecular Characterization of Candidatus Spp. Causing Hlb in Indigenous Citrus Cultivars and its Control by Genetic Manipulation of Citrus Genome

The citrus fruit ranks at the top in production and trade among all fruits produced the world over. It is highly prized and remunerative fruit, cultivated almost all over the world. Citrus comprises about 40 percent of all fruits that grow in Pakistan. It is cultivated over an area of 206,569 hectares with an average annual production of about 2.36 million tons per annum. Pakistan citrus industry is facing different pre-harvest and post-harvest problems including bacterial, viral diseases, pest attack, poor management and under developed citrus industry. All the mentioned problems lead to failure and declining citrus industry. The current decline in citrus production in the country is attributed to a great extent to Huanglongbing (HLB) or Citrus greening disease. HLB is transmitted by grafting and psyllids Diaphorina citri. HLB disease is hard to control due to having an aggregated nature of disease symptoms, prolong incubation period and may remain symptomless in certain host plants. The movement of HLB bacterium is unevenly distributed in phloem sieve tubes, leaf midrib, and vascular tissues in bark, floral parts and in roots. These symptomless infected plants prove more dangerous as they are continuous source of infection spread through the vector. Another difficulty related to this disease is its symptoms as these are similar with nutrient deficiencies or other viral diseases such as CTV in citrus plants. This study was consummated to characterize the causative agent of citrus HLB disease in different orchards of Pakistan. The distribution of HLB disease across agroecological zones and citrus varieties of two orchards viz. “Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha (CRI)” and “Bursha Citrus Research & Development Center, Sillanwali, Pakistan” were observed. Symptomatic and asymptomatic leaves of citrus trees were randomly sampled, scored and stored at 4°C. Bacterial DNA isolated from the leaf midribs was subjected to PCR to amplify specific ribosomal regions on Candidatus Liberibacter genome (16S rDNA, 16S/23S rRNA) and OMP gene fragments. These amplicons were sequenced and systematically analyzed for homology. The data from CRI orchard’s samples revealed HLB infection in symptomatic as well as non-symptomatic trees of all varieties. All the six groups of citrus were infected with HLB infectious agent. Kamquat and Sweet Oranges were severely infected with HLB associated bacterium having 86% and 66% prevalence. Grapefruit revealed Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) incidence in 40% samples. Lemon and limes revealed 47% and Mandarin showed 31% of HLB infection rate. Of the total 466 citrus samples of 6 groups, 249 samples were found positive for HLB pathogenic bacterium. Total 53% samples of CRI were infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. The varietal samples collected from Sillanwali orchard revealed 11% HLB infection, of which only 4 varieties had harboured Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus causing HLB disease whereas 34 varieties were found HLB disease free. The current study was conducted to develop Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol of epicotyls explants of rough lemon (rootstock) using pAFS-SUC2-D4E1 recombinant vector. Transformation experiments were performed with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains LBA4404 and GV3101 harboring a binary vector pCAMBIA 1301. Kanamycin, Acetosyringone concentrations, optical density of Agrobacterium culture, preculturing and co-culturing period were investigated during transformation. Transgenic shoots were selected on 100 (mg/L) kanamycin along with (250 mg/L) each of cefotaxime and vancomycin for effective inhibition of Agrobacterium growth. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 200 μM acetoseryngone proved to be the best inoculation and co-cultivation medium for transformation. MS medium supplemented with 3 (mg/L) of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) showed maximum regeneration efficiency of the transformed explants. By combining the best combinations of the transformation factors, achieved highest transformation efficiency (24.19 %). The integration of SUC2-D4E1 expression cassette in transgenic plantlets was confirmed by conventional PCR analysis and mRNA of the gene in the host plant. A rapid and efficient protocol was established to produce HLB resistance against the infectious agent in transgenic plants. Although the transformation efficiency was not very high (24.19 %) which can be improved with further developments, however, this would provide an effective preliminary procedure for Agrobacterium mediated transformation in citrus. The protocol opens up new avenue for genetic improvement of the current as well as other citrus cultivars with valuable genes to attain sustainable and higher production.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.