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النتائج

النتائج

1۔ أولاً:

 تعرفنا علی بدایۃ الشعر الحر وما ھي حقیقتہُ وکیف کان التجدید في الشعر ولا یقصد بذلک التنکر لقوانینہِ إنما یکون الابتکار في المعاني۔

2۔ ثانیاً:

 من ھم أھم شعراء وشاعرات العصر الجديد ؟ وما ھي مکانۃ نازک الملائکۃ بین شاعرات عصرھا ؟

3۔ ثالثاً:

 إتفاق الشعراء حول نازک الملائکۃ بأنھا شاعرة ممتازۃ لھا ممیزات أدبیۃ وشعریۃ رائعۃ وأنھا تستجیب لشعورھا وإحساسھا قبل کل شيء وتعتبر ھي رائدۃ الشعر العربي الحر و تعرفنا على بعض شعراء و شاعرات عصرها .

4۔ رابعاً:

 تحدثنا عن الشعر الجدید في شبہ القارۃ الھندیۃ وأن حالي أعطی لغزل ( اللغة الأردية) الأسلوب الجدید واستوعب النقاد من التجارب علی أن ذلک شعر علی شکل نثر کما نقولُہ في العربیۃ الشعر الحُر۔

5۔ خامساً:

 الأدب النسائي في الباكستان وما ھي دور المرأۃ بین الرجال من البدایۃ وحتی العھد الحاضر ، و التعرف على بعض الشعراء والشاعرات العصر الجديد .

6۔ سادساً:

 مکانۃ بروین شاکر في الساحۃ الأدبیۃ وخاصۃً في الغزل وھي من بعض ألمع نجوم السماء علی الأرض في الغزل الأردو والشعر الحر في اللغة الأردية۔

 

 

Relationships have value, the impact of Leader Member Exchange on Affective Commitment

This research contributes into further investigating the impact of Leader Member Exchange (LMX) upon work attitude (i.e. Affective commitment). A Study of (N=177) employees from banking sector was conducted and it was found that the LMX has significant positive association with affective commitment (AC). These significant results have shown the importance of quality of Leader Member Exchange and its impact in attaining the positive organizational outcomes.  

A History of Pakistan-China Relations 1973-2013 Reappraisal

The study investigates the China-Pakistan relations in historical context applying into the theoretical framework of power transition theory in general and hard and soft power theory specifically and its implications on foreign policy of Pakistan. In fact, since the inception of Pakistan, Pakistan had always been in search of security because of its geo-strategic situation and external pressures. Further, the study addresses that how the international scenario and outward dynamics affected foreign policy of Pakistan. For example, during the Cold War era and USSR war in Afghanistan because of bipolar dimensions across the World, Pakistan had to tilt towards Western allies to protect state sovereignty and maintain the integrity of its citizens. One thing that proved very true that Pakistan always desired to join those allies who always committed to preserve state from external enemies. The study spotlights that how the changing global episodes since the event of 9/11 altered Pakistan’s foreign policy choices. Meanwhile, Pakistan decided to strengthen its ties with rising power of China. Despite Pakistan’s constant contribution in the war on terrorism, it had been considered as a state of ‘safe Haven’ for terrorists and did not able to attain the confidence of its Western allies. By the times, Pakistan’s overseas strategy slanted towards the Chinese foreign policy goals of influencing the World with the image of a soft power. Likewise, the social and cultural relations enabled to gain the psychological confidence of Pakistan and its people by enhancing people to people relations. The dissertation draws extensively on the declassified official records to prove the theoretical and empirical contribution of this study that how far bilateral and political relations turned the shape of economic to geo-economic and taking the U-turn from geo-economic to geo-strategic ties between both states in the 21st Century.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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