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پروفیسر ہیکل

پروفیسر ہیکل

 

            ماہ اگست میں علمی دنیا کا سب سے بڑا حادثہ پروفیسر ہیکل کی وفات ہوا، پروفیسر موصوف ڈارون و ہکسلی کا ہمعصر، اور بہ لحاظ شہرت و وقعت ان کا ہمسر تھا۔ وفات کے وقت اس کی عمر ۸۵ سال سے متجاوز تھی، ہیکل کا وطن جرمنی تھا، لیکن اس کی عظمت تمام دنیا میں مسلّم تھی اور سائنس کی دنیا میں کوئی شخص اگر اس وقت استاذ الاساتذہ کی حیثیت رکھتا تھا، تو ہیکل تھا، اس کا اصلی مضمون بیالوجی (علم الحیات) تھا، جس میں، اسے متعدد اکتشافات و مجتہدانہ نظریات کا شرف حاصل ہے، لیکن اس کے علاوہ فلسفہ وغیرہ میں بھی اس کی تصانیف موجود ہیں۔ اس کی مشہور کتاب اردو میں بھی ’’معمائے کائنات‘‘ کے عنوان سے زیر ترجمہ ہے۔ (سید سليمان ندوی، اکتوبر ۱۹۱۹ء)

Nexus between Liquidity Risk and Islamic Banking Performance

The study aims to assess liquidity risk of Islamic banking sector with Islamic banks performance working under Sharia jurisdictions. To deduct this six Islamic banks are selected of Pakistan by deploying regression analysis on panel data. Simple random sampling is used to select these banks to assess liquidity risk management tools of study. For performance profitability index is used generated by ROA, ROE and EPS. Thus the results inferred that liquidity risk proponents have significant role on bank performance and there is dire need to focus risk management compliance practices and regulations by these banks to reduce banks financial disparity. The value of study is in itself that has less focused in previous studies revealing its originality.  

Combining Ability Effects of Yield and Salinity Tolerance Related Traits in Brassica Napus L.

Among the numerous abiotic stresses restricting the crop production, salinity stress is the most significant one. Estimation of genetic variability and development of suitable selection criterion are fundamentals for development of salinity tolerant types of crop plants. Sixty accessions of Brassica napus were evaluated for salinity tolerance using hydroponics technique. Six sensitive and ten tolerant lines were selected and crosses were attempted in line × tester fashion. The resultant F1 crosses and their parents were evaluated at seedling stage using hydroponic culture technique and at maturity stage in a pot experiment. Data were recorded on various seedling (root length, shoot length, fresh root weight, fresh shoot weight, dry root weight, dry shoot weight, proline content, Na+/K+ ratio, osmotic potential) and morphological traits (days to 50% flowering, days to 50% maturity, plant height, number of primary branches, number of silique per plant, seeds per silique, oil content, thousand seed weight, yield per plant). Recorded data were analyzed to estimate the genetic variability, general and specific combining ability effects, heterosis, gene action and association among traits. Results showed that genetic variability existed in present breeding material that may be used in development of high yielding salinity tolerant Brassica napus. Combining ability analysis revealed that lines ZMR-2 and R-3 and testers Faisal and Shirlaee for seedling traits and lines R-3 and 23627 and tester Faisal for morphological traits were best general combiners for most of the traits under normal and salinity stress conditions. Crosses R-3×Laclone, RBJ-8007×Laclone and ZMR-1×ZMR-3 were best specific combiners for most of the traits under all treatments. Cross RBJ-8007×Laclone also had significant and positive mid parent, better parent and commercial heterosis for most of the traits under control and salinity stress treatments. Correlation and path analysis revealed that number of silique per plant, oil contents, days to 50% flowering and days to 50% maturity may be used as selection criteria for development of salinity tolerant types with higher yield as they showed significant association with yield per plant under salt stress conditions.
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