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ڈا کٹر سید ابراہیم ندوی

ڈاکٹر سید ابراہیم ندوی مرحوم
ماہ جون میں جامعہ عثمانیہ حیدرآباد کے شعبہ عربی کے صدر اور ندوۃ العلماء کے ایک لایق فرزند ڈاکٹر سید محمد ابراہیم ندوی کے انتقال کی خبر بھی علمی و دینی حلقوں میں بڑے رنج و غم کے ساتھ سنی گئی، ابھی ان کی عمر تقریباً پچاس برس تھی۔
ان کا اصل وطن استھانواں ضلع پٹنہ ہے، یہاں انکا خاندان اپنے علم و فضل کی وجہ سے نمایاں تھا، ان کے دادا مولانا محمد احسن استھانوی اپنے وقت کے اچھے اہل علم و قلم تھے اور ان کے والد مولانا سید ہاشم ندوی بھی ذی علم بزرگ تھے جو تلاش معاش کے لیے حیدر آباد گئے اور وہیں دائرۃ المعارف سے وابستہ ہوئے، تاریخ کامل ابن اثیر حصہ دوم کا ترجمہ ان کی محنت و کاوش کا نتیجہ ہے جس کو دارالترجمہ نے ۲۷؁ء میں شایع کیا، عرصہ تک دائرۃ المعارف کی عربی کتابیں ان کی تصحیح و حواشی کے ساتھ چھپتی رہیں جس کے آخر میں وہ ناظم بھی ہوگئے تھے، ابن ورید کی المجتنیٰ شایع ہوئی تو اس میں صاحب کتاب کے سوانح انھوں نے دیدہ ریزی سے لکھے جس کی تحسین مولانا سید سلیمان ندویؒ نے کی، انھوں نے اپنے فرزند سید ابراہیم کو دارالعلوم ندوۃ العلما میں تعلیم کے لیے بھیجا جنھوں نے بعد میں ایم۔ اے، پی۔ایچ۔ڈی کی ڈگری بھی حاصل کی اور عثمانیہ یونیورسٹی میں صدر شعبہ عربی کے عہدہ تک ترقی کی مگر ان کی عالمانہ وضع قطع میں فرق نہیں آیا، اپنی پاک و صاف زندگی کی وجہ سے انھوں نے اپنے خاندان اور ادارہ کے نام نیک میں اضافہ ہی کیا، رابطہ ادب اسلامی کے رکن کی حیثیت سے انھوں نے استنبول ترکی کے ایک اہم اجتماع میں شرکت کی، یونیورسٹی کی جانب سے بھی وہ مذاکروں اور مباحثوں میں شریک ہوتے رہے،...

An Agglomeration Benefits of Oil and Gas Firms: An Exploratory Study Through Industrial Cluster

The research investigates the agglomeration pattern of seven national, international oil and gas extraction and production companies through an exploration of oil and gas cluster components and subcomponents. For this exploratory study, data is collected through primary sources via in-depth interviews from managers of national and international oil and gas MNCs working in Sindh, Pakistan and through secondary sources of business reports. The content analysis is adopted to analyze the data. Results of this study reveal that there is strong existence of exploration and production companies which results in agglomeration, however, other components of oil and gas cluster like refineries, marketing companies, supporting institutes, media and government poorly exist in Sindh province of Pakistan. Findings also highlight that the Sindh as a resource-rich region is still underdeveloped due to poor management of resources or because of the absence of ideal oil and gas cluster components and coordination among them in the region.

A Case Study of Alternative Assessment Practices in a Ccac Graduate Primary Science Classroom, in a Community-Based School in Pakistan

It is believed by many educationists that the traditional assessment approaches are less effective in students' learning. The contemporary trend in education favours the practice of alternative forms of assessment for improved students' learning outcomes. However, in the context of Pakistan traditional forms of assessment are being practiced in the classroom, which is considered a hindrance towards the holistic development of the learner and for the overall quality education in the country. The main aim of this study was to explore a science teacher's purposes, practices, challenges and opportunities of implementation of alternative assessment, who has participated in AKU-IED's Certificate in Classroom Assessment Course to contribute towards the understanding of implementation of alternative assessments in developing country context and subsequently to improve students' learning. A qualitative case study approach was used to explore the research topic. A primary level science teacher of a community based high school in Karachi, Pakistan was the primary participant, while the vice principal, section head of primary, a science teacher and a group of students of the school, formed the secondary participants. The data was collected through classroom observation, interviews, document analysis, field notes and reflective journal. The study revealed that, the research participant used alternative assessment for variety of purposes such as to enhance students' learning, providing feedback and grading. Questioning was practiced for getting students' attention and promoting thinking skills. Self assessment was used for giving students responsibility of their own learning and performance assessment was practiced to provide students opportunities to demonstrate variety of skills. The opportunities for implementing alternative assessment included teacher's professional development, which developed her basic understanding and skills for planning and implementation of alternative assessment. The skills included developing open ended questions, designing objectives based assessment tasks, setting clear learning targets and criteria which are aligned with her instructions and the provision of clear criteria and rubric based instructions to the students. Moreover, the features such as supportive school culture and autonomy for teacher to develop own syllabus, were seen to facilitate the process of alternative assessment in the classroom. The alternative assessment practices were also seen to facilitate student learning through their involvement in the activities, motivations towards their work and responsibility of their own learning. However, the study also revealed limited use of alternative assessment, such as lack of provision of opportunity for students to improve their work based on timely feedback. The challenges were limited
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