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اسیر

اسیر
آسماں پر چاند ستارے اور سورج بھی
چاندنی راتوں میں خوشبو کے مفسر کی!
ایلاف الست و ہست کی!
شام و سحر کی زنجیر سے بندھے۔۔۔موسموں کے ساتھ فسانے سناتے رہتے ہیں
آسمان سے پرے۔۔۔!
جن گلیوں میں سوسن و نسترن کی حکایتیں گونجتی ہیں
وہیں کہیں درِ طلسم پر کئی عنوان تڑپتے رہتے ہیں
جدائی کی لمبی روایتوں میں!
سبز شاخوں پر نازل ہوتے سرخ گلابوں کی حکایتوں میں!
جن کی آنکھوں سے خون بہہ رہا ہو۔۔۔!
جس کے ماتھے پر عین ، شین ،قاف لکھا ہو!
انہی قافلوں کے جناب قیس۔۔۔!
صحرا سے ساحلوں تک علمدار بن کے آتے ہیں
مسافتوں کے مارے۔۔۔شبنمی زمانے یہی داستاں سناتے ہیں
محبتوں کے اسیر۔۔۔چاہتوں کے سفیر کو بہت رولاتے ہیں

دشت غزالہ کے رازوں میں۔۔۔!
چاندنی راتوں میں پتھروں پر لہو نچوڑا جاتا ہے
تکمیل جنوں کے طاق میں روغن چشم سے چراغ روشن کیا جاتا ہے
عشق پرانا ہوتا نہیں۔۔۔دل کا صحیفہ رد ہوتا نہیں
سبز موسم میں نفرتوں کا وظیفہ ہوتا نہیں
عشق زادوں کی یہ داستان۔۔۔!
دشت و بیاباں سناتے رہتے ہیں
آرزو کا یہ باب۔۔۔!
مقدس کتاب سے پڑھ کر دیوانے سناتے رہتے ہیں
محبتوں کے اسیر۔۔۔چاہتوں کے سفیر کو بہت رولاتے رہتے ہیں

 

Frequency of Hypothyroidism in Chronic Hepatitis C patients treated with Standard Interferon Therapy Hypothroidism in HCV patients on Interferon Therapy

Chronic hepatitis C is a major health problem associated with high mortality and morbidity. It is the most common chronic blood borne infection leading to chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. One of the treatment used for hepatitis C is interferon therapy which can lead to thyroid dysfunction i.e. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. OBJECTIVE: “To assess the frequency of hypothyroidism in chronic hepatitis C patients treated with standard interferon therapy”. METHODS: Thisdescriptive case series study was carried out at Outpatient Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore for 06 months from July to December 2014. After ethical approval of the study, 200 patients of ages 15 to 65 years with both genders having chronic hepatitis C on Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)& normal thyroid functionstest were taken by Non-probability, purposive sampling technique. Informed written consent was taken from all the patients. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone level (TSH) was sent of all patients to Centre for Nuclear Medicine (CENUM), Mayo Hospital Lahore before and after the completion of three months of interferontherapy and hypothyroidism was considered as TSH>4.0 mIU/L (normal range: 0.2-4.0 mIU/L). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 36.29 + 8.5 years. Out of total 200 patients, 123 (61.5%) were male and 77 (38.5%) were female. At baselines mean TSH of the patients was 3.16 + 2.57 mIU/L. After 3 months of therapy 163 patients (81.5%) were euthyroid and 37 patients (18.5%) were having thyroid dysfunction. Among patients with thyroid dysfunction 29 (14.5% of total patients) were hypothyroid. Among hypothyroid patients, according to gender distribution 8 (27.6%) patients were male and 21 (72.4%) patients were female. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.0003). CONCLUSION: It is concluded from this study that there is significant frequency of hypothyroidism in patients of chronic hepatitis C treated with standard interferon therapy and females are at more risk of developing thyroid dysfunction particularly hypothyroidism after standard interferon therapy.

Interactive Studies on Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism and Euthyroidism With Serum Lipid Profile, Creatinine and Alanine Amino Transferase

Diseases of the thyroid are common, affecting some 5% of the population, predominantly females. The thyroid axis is involved in the regulation of cellular differentiation and metabolism in virtually all nucleated cells, so that disorders of thyroid function have diverse manifestation. The pathophysiology of many thyroid diseases relates to TSH, T3 and T4. The TSH level is the most sensitive index of thyroid function. Hyperthyroidism especially as Thyrotoxicosis is the hyper-metabolic condition connected by way of eminent levels of free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), or both of them. Hypothyroidism is an ordinary endocrine disorder ensuing from shortage of thyroid hormone. It is frequently the key progression in which the thyroid glands fabricate inadequate quantity of thyroid hormone. As these disorders may severely affect the patients at almost all levels of physical, mental, metabolic and social conditioning that could be extendable to even death status. Not only this, but these diseases may become long lasting and can bring bad impact on socio-economic status of their concerned families as well. To elucidate some of these major relations, while keeping in view the various selected demographic details (age, gender and locality etc) of included patients, this study aims at understanding the relation between thyroid dysfunction and functioning of certain major organs of human body i.e kidney and liver. It also aims at studying the influence of thyroid mal function on lipid profile including total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, LDL-C, HDL-C, VLDL-C. To execute, the study was ethically permitted by the ethical committee of Post Graduate Medical Institute (PGMI) Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, xiii and was conducted in the Institute of Radioactive Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM) Peshawar, Pakistan. Blood samples of all included patients were analysed in Pakistan Medical Research Centre (PMRC), Khyber Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of 600 cases were chosen of 214, 195 and 191 each Euthyroid, Hypothyroid and Hyperthyroid patients, respectively from the Institute of Radioactive Nuclear Medicine (IRNUM) Peshawar, Pakistan. A well designed proforma was used to record patients sample No, name, age, sex, address, clinical diagnosis etc: The blood samples of all included patients were collected, followed by their analysis for required parametric evaluation included with complete lipid profile, serum creatinine and alanine transaminase in comparison to T3, T4 and TSH of all respectively assessed patients. During this study, the results obtained regarding the demographical aspects of the patients revealed that female gender has categorically significantly high percentage of occurrence of thyroid abnormality as compared to male (75.8 % vs. 24.2 %). Similarly, it has been observed that in case of euthyroidism, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, the comparative number of cases of occurrence between female vs male gender were 162 vs. 52, 158 vs. 37 and 155 vs. 56, respectively. In consideration to the nature of abnormality of thyroid disorder, it has been observed that patients of euthyroidism i-e., 214 were more than 191 and 195 for hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, respectively. Results regarding locality distribution of the patients depicted that majority of those belongs to the local population of Peshawar and Charsadda region. Importantly, the data showed that significant percentage of patients was from Afghanistan. xiv Furthermore, results regarding age distribution of the included subjects showed that these thyroid disorders mostly exist among age group of 31-40 years, which may be the most effective age limit for productivity and where the above mentioned hormonal changes and associated activity become at peak. Results regarding locality distribution of the patients depicted that majority of those belongs to local population of Peshawar and Charsadda region. In consideration to the impact of type of thyroid disorder on the level of respective parameter of lipid profile, the results revealed that there was reduction of blood cholesterol level and HDL in patients suffering from hyperthyroidism as compared to euthyroidism. The Aims and objectives of the study were to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in male and female subjects of different age groups and to establish the relation between locality of the considered patients and thyroid disorder. The specific objective is to study the association between sub clinical hypothyroidism and hyper cholesterolaemia, and to determine the link of different degrees of thyroid dysfsunction with kidney and liver function. The data were finally imported in SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. The student’s “t” test is being used to find out the significance between two values, in various diseased groups. Frequencies, p-value, and other descriptive analysis were computed to calculate the mean and standard deviation of different parameters. Coefficient of correlation (r) was also calculated using SPSS version 16.00 as a soft ware statistical package. The correlation value (r-value) was calculated between two parameters i-e EU, hyper, and hypo with serum Lipid profile, CTN and serum ALT respectively.
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