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سی حرفی : ۸

سی حرفی ۔۸
(تن بیتاں وچ مکمل)
الف
آماہی، ’ب‘ بہت تھکی، ت تاہنگ تیری پئی مار دی اے
ث
ثابتی نہیں، ’ج‘ جگر باہجوں، ’ح‘ حالت گئی گھر بار دی اے
خ
خوشی گئی، ’د‘ دکھ بہتے، ’ذ‘ ذکر تے فکر سب یار دی اے
ر
رب وارث، ’ز‘ زاریاں دا، ’س‘ سک حنیف دیدار دی اے

ش
شوق لگا، ’ص‘ صادقاں دا، ’ض‘ ضعف نہیں کجھ نتار دا اے
ط
طوق پیا، ’ظ‘ ظالماں دا، ’ع‘ عاشقاں ہانگرا دار دا اے
غ
غم لگا، ’ف‘ فکر ڈاہڈا، ’ق‘ قسم مینوں شوق یار دا اے
ک
کون کٹے، ’ل‘ لکھ دتا،’م‘ مویاں نوں یار کیوں مار دا اے

ن
نیہہ ڈونگھی، چڑھی گھٹ کالی، اساں لنگھنا پہلڑے پور یارو
و
واہ کوئی نہیں، ہور راہ کوئی نہیں، ’ہ‘ ہڑ دا سماں ضرور یارو
لا
لا مکان دا پتہ دسے، ’ی‘ یاد نہ مان غرور یارو
ے
یار حنیف بھلائی دنیا، کیڈ پائے نیں عشق فتور یارو
سی حرفی۔۹
(ہک بیت وچ اٹھ حرف)
الف
الٰہی، میل ماہی نوں، ’ب‘ برے دن آئے نیں
ت
تلوار برہوں دی لٹکے، ’ث‘ ثواب کمائے نیں
ج
جوانی آخر فانی، ’ح‘حائل غم آئے نیں
خ
خوف حنیف وچھوڑے اندر، ’د‘ دکھاں دے سائے نیں

ذ
ذکر تیرے وچ رہندی، ’ر‘ رخ ویکھاں ماہی دا
ز
زیارت لکھ ثواباں، ’س‘ سوہنا چن چاہی دا
ش
شوخاں دے ناز نہورے، ’ص‘ صفا دل چاہی دا
ض
ضدی سنگ دل حنیف اے، مان حسن دی شاہی دا

ط
طواف کریں دن راتیں، ’ظ‘ ظالم کوئی خبر نہیوں
ع
عشق دے کٹھے عاشق، ’غ‘ غصہ تے جبر نہیوں
ف
فائدہ کی شکویاں سندا، ’ق‘ قسمت وچ اجر نہیوں
ک
کتھے چھڈ گیوں ماہی، کجھ حنیف نوں صبر نہیوں

ل

مخطوطات السيرة النبوية في الجامعات الباكستانية فى القرن العشرين

Allah Almighty has kept many sources to save his eternal message, of writings the in biography holy his and صلى الله عليه وسلم prophet his of words golden the different scholars. This shows the importance of our sacred heritage that includes the biography of the Holy Prophet ﷺ. These hand-written books (manuscripts) consist of the exegesis of Qur’ān, Jurisprudence, Principles of Exegesis of Qur’ān and Jurisprudence, morphology, syntactic and many other sciences related to Arabic language and literature. The researcher has صلى الله عليه وسلم Prophet Holy the of biography the about manuscripts the evaluated written in different universities of Pakistan during MA, MPhil, and PhD in the 20th century. The research methodology followed in the research is descriptive. Each understudy manuscript is considered from different aspects that include different features of the work done, i. E. Language of the manuscripts, details of the original text, references of Aḥādīth, pattern of footnotes, primary and secondary sources etc. The article is divided into three main sections in the following way: First deals with Islamic Arabic Manuscripts, Second are Manuscripts in Pakistani Libraries and third are would research The. صلى الله عليه وسلم Prophet the of Sirah about Manuscripts evaluated highlight value of the Manuscripts and the critical analysis of the mistakes found in Manuscripts and it would certainly improve their language, and research pattern.

Studies on Induction of Systemic Resistance in Rose by Pseudomonas and Bacillus Strains Against Diplocarpon Rosae

The innate plant resistance is an efficient and eco-friendly tool to avoid diseases of agricultural crops. However most of the commercial cultivars are susceptible to different diseases at different susceptibility level. Fungicides are usually the only option that farmers use against these pathogens. These fungicides are hazardous for our environment and human health as these toxify food commodities and ground water reserves. Moreover, pesticides can never be the best option to manage the disease due to their extensive toxicity and minuscule degradability. The innate resistance may be elevated by applying nonpathogenic microbial inducers; thus, termed as induced systemic resistance (ISR). The native rhizospheric bacterial inducers may manage disease by inducing systemic resistance in plants. The similar measure has been adopted to manage black spot disease in rose plants by using Pseudomonas fluorescens RB4 and Bacillus subtilis RB11 as biological inducers. § In the first phase of study, surveys were performed to assess disease attributes of black spot disease of rose caused by Diplocarpon rosae. During this survey, 120 pathogenic isolates of D. rosae were collected. After infecting healthy rose plants with isolates of D. rosae, most virulent strain D. rosae DR19 was selected for further experimentations. § During greenhouse studies, different rhizospheric strains of bacillus and pseudomonas, isolated from rhizosphere of healthy rose plants, were screened for induction of systemic resistance in rose plants against black spot disease. These isolated bacterial strains were interacted with rose plants in the presence of black spot pathogen. Here two strains, viz: P. fluorescens RB4 and B. subtilis RB11 provided most significant reduction in disease index. § Both of these strains induced significant higher amounts of defense related biochemicals including total phenolics, ascorbic acid and some defense related enzymes involved in phenylpropenoid pathway. Moreover, these strains were capable to enhance quantity of defense related physical barriers in plants such as lignin, pectin and cellulose as compared to control plants. § In another independent experiment, effect of P. fluorescens RB4 and Bacillus subtilis RB11 was assessed on nutrient contents and growth attributes of rose plants. These strains significantly enhanced nutrient contents including N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu and Fe in treated plants. Along with that, growth of rose plants was significantly improved under influence of these bacterial strains. § In next phase of study, different carrier materials such as sugarcane press mud, bentonite, sand, rock phosphate and perlite were used to prepare formulations of best performing bacterial strains. Sugarcane press mud showed maximum viability of bacterial strains after prolonged storage at room temperature followed by ‘bentonite’. Sugarcane press mud based bacterial formulations supported disease managing potential of P. fluorescens RB4 and B. subtilis RB11, and reduced disease index up to 59 and 76% respectively in both season field experiments. This formulation also significantly improved agro economic traits of rose plants. § In last phase of study, potential ISR elicitor present in bacterial inducer was isolated and identified. For this purpose, Column Chromatography and GC/MS techniques were used to analyze metabolites of B. subtilis RB11 for identification of bioactive compound responsible for resistance induction and disease management. It was found that octadecane was the bioactive compound inducing resistance in rose plants against D. rosae. It was also observed that the isolation of octadecane present in B. subtilis RB11 metabolites was directly correlated with the concentration of ethyl acetate in extraction solvent. § To assess the significance of the results obtained during various experiments data was subjected to a number of statistical analyses. These analyses include analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). From present research it is concluded that P. fluorescens RB4 and B. subtilis RB11, may be successfully used to manage black spot disease of roses caused by D. rosae. These bacterial strains are capable to enhance innate resistance of rose plants along with growth promotion. Moreover, octadecane synthesized by B. subtilis RB11 may be isolated and applied to rose plants as antifungal compound against D. rosae.
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