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خوش رنگ و خوش نما ہے وہ گنبد جو سبز ہے

خوش رنگ و خوش نما ہے وُہ گنبد جو سبز ہے
آنکھوں میں بس رہا ہے وُہ گنبد جو سبز ہے

اِس نامۂ سیاہ کے بدلے پنہ کہاں؟
ہاں ایک آسرا ہے وُہ گنبد جو سبز ہے

چہرے پہ جو لکھی ہے وہ زردی ہے خوف کی
آنکھوں میں تیرتا ہے وہ گنبد جو سبز ہے


دل بھی سفید رنگ کبوتر ہے آس کا
یہ بھی تو ڈھونڈتا ہے وُہ گنبد جو سبز ہے

نیلاہٹوں میں غرق ہے مسموم ہے فضا
تریاق بانٹتا ہے وُہ گنبد جو سبز ہے

میرے لہو سے سُرخ ہے عابدؔ یہ راہِ شوق
مجھ کو بُلا رہا ہے وُہ گنبد جو سبز ہے

عصر حاضر میں مسلمانوں کی سیاسی ابتری اور اس کا تدارک: سیرتِ طیبہﷺ کی روشنی میں

The noble life Of Rasulullah (ﷺ) provides the best after course and framework for the individual and collective life of Muslims which can lead Muslims to prosper in each part of life. Out of different problems of the Muslim Ummah in the current circumstances is the absence of political insight and exemplary leadership which is one of the most important problems and due to which Muslims are victim of decline on international basis. The political and national problems of Muslims include the absence of exemplary leadership, Muslim Ummah getting victim of mutual differences, deprivation of the majority of Muslim rulers of bravery and boldness, shortage of the wellbeing of the public, excess of corruption and fraud, absence of self-accountability in the public and rulers, not complying with the rules of justice, shortage of qualified and experienced individuals in different departments and institutions along with some other similar problems. Without getting them solved, the dreams of prosperity and success of Muslim Ummah cannot be fulfilled. We can find the solution of all of these problems in the teachings of Rasulullah (S.A.W) and in his noble life. Hence it is very important to prepare a framework in the light of Seerah and adopt it accordingly in this very important part of life. In the article under reference, Muslims Political deterioration in the modern era and a review of its remedy is to be presented in the light of Seerah.

Isolation and Characterization of Biologically Active Compounds from Selected Medicinal Plants

The main objective of this study was to discover new cancer chemopreventive and cytotoxic compounds from the natural sources to combat cancer. For the purpose, after an extensive survey based on the information gathered from local healers, six medicinally-important plants of Pakistan were selected for investigation. These plants included Euphorbia wallichii Hook F., Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb, Acer oblongifolium Hort. ex Dippel, Aster thomsonii C. B. Clarke, Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl) Haw. and Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal. For initial screening, total 59 extracts/fractions were prepared by using the different techniques including maceration, solvent-solvent extraction, flash column chromatography and solid phase extraction. All the extracts/fractions were tested for their anticancer and cancer chemopreventive activity by employing seven independent assays. Overall the results of the initial screening were very encouraging and led to the selection of the most potent plant material for further investigation. NFĸB activity plays a critical role in cancer development, progression and therapy and two of our samples from Withania coagulans demonstrated greater than 90% inhibition of TNF-α induced activity of NFĸB. Aromatase inhibitors are known to be effective for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. One fraction from aerial parts of each plant, W. coagulans and Euphorbia wallichii, inhibited aromatase by 100% and 73%, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays critical role in inflammation, cell survival and tumor development and progression. Five of our samples, one from aerial parts of E. wallichii, one from Aster thomsonii, and three from fruit bearing aerial parts of W. coagulans, inhibited NO production significantly in lipopolysaccharide activated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells as a marker of iNOS inhibitor. No extracts or fractions was deemed active in RXRE assay. DPPH free radical scavenger has potential use to scavenge oxygen free radicals, which are the product of normal cellular metabolism and can attack and produce endogenous DNA lesions leading to genotoxicity, mutation and cancer. A total of 25 extracts/fractions exhibited ≥ 70% scavenging at 200 μg/ml concentration in DPPH assay, among them 13 were from roots and aerial parts of E. wallichii, 5 from B. ciliata, 6 from A. oblongifolium and one from A. thomsonii. QR1 is measured as overall representative of the phase II enzymes. Phase xiii Abstract II enzymes are primarily responsible for the metabolic detoxification of chemical carcinogens and other harmful oxidants, leading to the protection of cells against redox cycling, oxidative stress, and carcinogenesis. Therefore, induction of QR1 at the tumor initiation stage is suggestive for cancer prevention potential. A total of 10 extracts/fractions demonstrated potent induction of QR1 in a cell-based assay with CD (concentration required to double the enzyme activity) <10 μg/ml among them one is from A. oblongifolium and 9 from W. coagulans. A total of 8 extracts and fractions showed cytotoxicity in an SRB assay against MCF-7, LU-1 and MDA-MB 231 cancer cell lines, among them 3 are from E. waliichii and 5 from the W. coagulans. The overall results suggested that W. coagulans might be the most promising plant for further studies as the extracts/fractions from this plant showed highest and significant activity in most of the assays. After the initial screening, W. coagulans was selected to pursue further for isolation and purification of the pharmacologically relevant compounds. For this purpose, total 10 kg dry weight of the W. coagulans aerial part was extracted, fractionated and subjected to biological evaluation in the above described assays to confirm the biological activities and to find the most active fractions. Active fractions were further processed through sequential bioactivity guided fractionation utilizing various chromatographic techniques, which led to isolation of 9 biologically active pure compounds. Structure elucidation of these compounds was carried by utilizing mass spectrometry (MS), one dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (1D-NMR), and two dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D-NMR) techniques. Structural elucidation showed that these compounds belong to a very important, biologically active and chemically distinct class of natural products known as “withanolides”. On the basis of existing reports and spectroscopic results it is concluded that out of these 9 compounds 3 are new and 6 are already known withanolides. This study is a contribution towards the exploration of new withanolides as well as their potential use in cancer chemopreventive and anticancer drug discovery.
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