Search from the Journals, Articles, and Headings
Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

پروفیسر تلک چند محروم

پروفیسرتلک چند محروم
افسوس ہے پروفیسر تلک چندمحروم بھی ستتر(۷۷) برس کی عمر میں گزشتہ مہینہ دہلی میں رہ گزاے عالمِ جاودانی ہوگئے۔ موصوف فارسی اور اردو دونوں زبانوں کے کہنہ مشق قادر الکلام اور بڑے پُر گوشاعر تھے، اُن کی فنی استعداد بھی بڑی پختہ اوراعلیٰ تھی۔انہیں غزل اور نظم دونوں پریکساں قدرت تھی، لیکن طبیعت کونظم سے زیادہ لگاؤ تھااور نظم بھی کسی ایک خاص صنف کی نہیں بلکہ ہر صنف اور ہر نوع کی۔رباعیات اورقطعات بھی کثرت سے لکھے ہیں۔نظم کے علاوہ نثر بھی شستہ ورواں اور چٹکیلی لکھتے تھے۔ پھر جتنے بڑے شاعر، ادیب اورمصنّف تھے اتنے ہی بڑے انسان بھی تھے،تقسیم کے وقت وطن سے بے وطن اور گھرسے بے گھر ہوئے اور کیسے کچھ مصائب برداشت کیے، لیکن کیامجال! انسانیت وشرافت کی پیشانی پرایک ہلکا سابل بھی پڑا ہو۔اُردو ادب کی تاریخ میں ہمیں یقین ہے پروفیسر محرومؔ کانام ہمیشہ یادگار رہے گا۔ [فروری ۱۹۶۶ء]

A Sharʽiah Analysis of ʼijāra as a Financing Mode in the wake of Parallel Banking System of Bank of Khyber

The only religion Islam provides the thorough layout for human beings not only covers the spiritual needs but also shaped the materialistic desires in a better way. The most important aspect among all is the availability of proper, smooth flowing and practical financial system as it involve almost in all fields of life. Looking at the current situation and fast growing industry, Islamic Banking System emerged as solid and firm scheme for optimum utilization of finance in full conformity of Shariʽah. ʼijāra is one of the modes frequently used in Interest free banks. The Bank of Khyber claims as Parallel Banking System i.e. It practicing conventional Banking as well as Islamic Banking System. This study emphasis on analyzing the practice of ʼijāra as a financing mode in the wake of Parallel Banking system of Bank of Khyber in the light of Sharʽiah teachings and to portray the real picture of it to enhance the level of satisfaction of customer.   

A Corpus Based Analysis of Pakistani English

English has become a global language and virtually every nation is using it for national or international communication. It is helping the world to bridge the ethnic and linguistic differences. Although it has got international status, it is also exhibiting local cultural traits. It enjoys global ownership and the age old concept that it only reflects the Judo-Christian cultural traditions has been rejected at least by the language scholars around the globe. In this evolutionary process, new dialects and varieties are emerging. A plethora of research activity, in line with the ‘World Englishes’ tradition, is being conducted around the globe. The issues like status of the newly emerging varieties of English and the similarities and differences between the native and nativised varieties, are being vigorously studied. English, in Pakistan, enjoys the status of a privileged official language. English is being used both for country internal as well as external functions. English language has been nativised in Pakistan. Pakistani English is similar to British and American English to the extent that it does not impede communication but it has developed a flavor and colour of its own. Pakistani English is not a well researched variety. Only a handful of research studies have been conducted so far, pointing to some of the variety specific features, but all of these researches are intuition based or have relied on chance examples. No quantitative data based comparative study of the variety exists till to-date. The present research is an attempt to make a corpus based analysis of Pakistani English and to find some characteristic features of the variety which are different from the British and American varieties. It is basically a quantitative, corpus based comparative research. Two million words corpora, each from Pakistani, British and American written Englishes have been employed to outline the characteristic features of Pakistani English. The research question, ‘Whether Pakistani English is an independent variety’, has not been completely answered by the present research as the data available was not sufficient enough to make any conclusive judgement. But it is still considered a step forward, in the sense that in this research corpus based methodology has been used to study the variety specific features of Pakistani English. On the one hand, it has verified some of the earlier judgements about Pakistani English and on the other hand it has pointed out the new areas which have not been discussed in the previous literature about Pakistani English. Some of the areas like the use of subjunctive, verb particle, and complementation have been explored by the linguists to study the distinctive features of the non native varieties. The same has been done in the case of Pakistani English and the results indicate that these areas show potential differences among the native varieties, i.e. British and American Englishes, and the Pakistani English which need to be explored further. The results point out that Pakistani English is an independent, systematic, and rule governed variety which shares features both with the British and American Englishes.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.